rates of reaction Flashcards
what is rate of reaction?
the speed at which reactants are turned into products
what is the activation energy?
the minimum energy required for a successful reaction
what is the collision theory?
for a chemical reaction to happen:
reactant particles must collide with each other with the activation energy
what is a successful collision?
a collision between reactant particles that has enough energy for a reaction to happen
what are the 4 factors that affect the rate of reaction?
concentration, pressure, temperature, and surface area
how does increasing concentration affect the rate of reaction?
there are more particles in the same volume so the frequency of successful collisions increases
how does increasing pressure affect the rate of reaction?
the reactant particles are squeezed closer together so the frequency of successful collisions increases
how does increasing temperature affect the rate of reaction?
the particles have more kinetic energy and more particles have reached the activation energy so the frequency of successful collisions increases
how does increasing surface area affect the rate of reaction?
there is more surface for collisions to occur on so the frequency of successful collisions increases
what is a catalyst?
is a substance that speeds up the rate of reaction without being used up,
it reduces the activation energy so more collisions are successful at a given temperature
what is an enzyme?
acts as a biological catalyst made up of protein
what is the active site?
is where the reactant molecules(substrate) fit in
what is the lock and key idea?
the idea that each enzyme only fits one substrate and only catalyses one specific reaction
what makes enzymes denature?
changes in temperature and pH so they wont work
what type of reaction is bond breaking?
endothermic - as energy is supplied in order to break a bond
