Rates, Equilibrium and ph

Question 1

Initial rate of reaction

Answer 1

The change in concentration of a reactant, or product time per unit time at the start of the reaction when t=0

Question 2

Order

Answer 2

The order with respect to a reactant is the power to which the concentration of the reactant is raised in the rate equation

Question 3

Overall order

Answer 3

The sum of the individual orders

Question 4

Rate constant, k

Answer 4

The constant that links the rate of reaction with the concentrations of the reactants raised to the powers of their orders in the rate equation

Question 5

Half life

Answer 5

The half life of a reactant is the time taken for the concentration of the reactant to reduce by half

Question 6

Rate determining step

Answer 6

The slowest step in the reaction mechanism of a multi step reaction

Question 7

Intermediate

Answer 7

A species formed in one step of a multi step reaction that is used up in a subsequent step, and is not seen as either a product or reactant of the overall equation

Question 8

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 8

Exists in a closed system when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction

Question 9

Homogenous equilibrium

Answer 9

An equilibrium in which all the species making up the reactants and products are in the same physical state

Question 10

Heterogenous equilibrium

Answer 10

An equilibrium in which species making up the reactants and products are in different physical states

Question 11

Bronsted Lowry acid

Answer 11

Proton donor

Question 12

Bronsted Lowry base

Answer 12

Proton acceptor

Question 13

Alkali

Answer 13

A base that dissolves in water forming OH- ions

Question 14

Neutralisation

Answer 14

A chemical reaction in which an acid and base react together to form a salt and water

Question 15

Acid-base pair

Answer 15

Is a pair of two species that transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton

Question 16

PH

Answer 16

-log[H+]

Question 17

[H+]

Answer 17

10^-ph

Question 18

Strong acid

Answer 18

An acid that completely dissociates in solution

Question 19

Weak acid

Answer 19

An acid that partially dissociated in solution

Question 20

Pka

Answer 20

-logka

Question 21

Ka

Answer 21

10^-pka

Question 22

Ionic product of water

Answer 22

kW= [H+][OH-]

25c kW =1.00 X 10^-14

Question 23

Buffer solution

Answer 23

A mixture that minimises ph changes on addition of small amounts of acid or base

Question 24

Equivalence point

Answer 24

The point in a titration at which the volume of one solution has reacted exactly with the volume of the second solution

Question 25

End point

Answer 25

The point in a titration at which there are equal concentrations of the weak acid and conjugate base forms d the indicator

Question 26

Standard enthalpy change of neutralisation

Answer 26

The energy change that accompanies the neutralisation of an aqueous acid by an aqueous base to form one mole of water under standard conditions

Question 27

Rate of reaction

Answer 27

The change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time