Rates and Ratios

Question 1

___ measures how fast the population increases through the process of natality

Answer 1

Crude Birth Rate

CBR=(live births in a year/size of midyear population) x 1000

Question 2

____ number of births to the segment of the population who is actually at risk of giving births

Answer 2

General Ferility Rate

GFR=(no of reported

Question 3

[Scales used to measure data]

____ categorical variables

Answer 3

nominal

Question 4

[Scales used to measure data]

ranking

Answer 4

ordinal

Question 5

[Scales used to measure data]

celsius

Answer 5

interval

zero is arbitrary

Question 6

[Scales used to measure data]

age

Answer 6

ratio

zero is fixed/absolute

Question 7

___ refers to trueness of test measurements

Answer 7

accuracy

Question 8

___ refers to consistency and reproducibility of a test

Answer 8

precision

Question 9

____ error that entails reduced precision in a test

Answer 9

random error

Question 10

____ error entails reduced accuracy in a test

Answer 10

systematic error

Question 11

[Types of screening]

aims to screen the whole population

Answer 11

mass screening

Question 12

[Types of screening]

uses several screening test at the same time

Answer 12

multiple or multiphasic

Question 13

[Types of screening]

groups with specific exposure; lead battery

Answer 13

targeted screening

Question 14

[Screening biases]

people presenting for screening tend to be healthier leading to false sense of better outcomes

Answer 14

self-selection bias

Question 15

[Screening biases]

phenomenon where early diagnoses of a disease falsely makes it look like people are surviving longer

Answer 15

lead time bias

Question 16

[Screening biases]

screening is more likely to pick up slower-growing, less aggressive cancers

Answer 16

length bias

Question 17

most basic type of sampling design

Answer 17

simple random sampling

Question 18

[Nature of variable used for this graph]

pie chart

Answer 18

qualitative variable

Question 19

[Nature of variable used]

histogram

Answer 19

continuous variable

Question 20

[Nature of variable used]

Line graph

Answer 20

quantitative variable; time series

Question 21

[Nature of variable used]

frequency polygon

Answer 21

quantitative continuous

Question 22

[Nature of variable used]

scatterplot

Answer 22

quantitatitve

Question 23

[Nature of variable used]

pareto chart

Answer 23

column chart and line graph

Question 24

A skewed to the left graph means that the mean is ____

Answer 24

smaller than the median

Kung saan ang tail, skewed siya doon

Question 25

A skewed to the left graph means that the mean is ____

Answer 25

mean is larger than the median

Kung saan ang tail, skewed siya doon

Question 26

[Type of error]

error of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is really true

Answer 26

Type I = false positive

Remember, Type I = alpha

Question 27

[Type of error]

error of not rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually false

Answer 27

Type II = false negative

Remember, type II = beta

Question 28

[Types of population pyramid]

pyramid shape

Answer 28

expansive

developing nations

Question 29

[Types of population pyramid]

graph tapering in at the bottom

Answer 29

constrictive

countries with higher levels of social and economic development

Question 30

[Types of population pyramid]

rectangular shape, displaying somewhat equal percentages across age cohorts

Answer 30

stationary

developed nations

Question 31

____ is more useful that incidence rate in describing the occurrence of chronic conditions

Answer 31

point prevalence