Rate Of Reaction Flashcards
Le chatelier’s principle
If any of the conditions of a reversible reaction at equilibrium are changed, the closed system will adapt to counteract whatever has changed
Four factors affecting the rate of reaction:
> increasing TEMPERATURE (particles will move faster)
increasing CONCENTRATION/PRESSURE (more particles in the same volume of water or same number of particles in a smaller area)
increasing SURFACE AREA (more area for particles to collide)
CATALYST (speeds up a reaction)
What does it mean by equilibrium in a reversible reaction?
Both reactions are happening at the same speed and the concentration of the reactants and products won’t change anymore (they cancel each other out)
How does decreasing the temperature effect the rate of reaction?
The equilibrium will shift in the endothermic direction : amount of products generated from exothermic reaction will increase + products from endothermic reaction will decrease
If you increase the temperature the equilibrium will shift towards the…
Endothermic reaction so the amount of products generated from the endothermic reaction will increase + the products from the exothermic reaction will decrease
If you increase the concentration of a reactant….
The equilibrium will shift towards the products.
If you increase the concentration of a product….
The equilibrium will shift towards the reactants
If you decrease the pressure…
The position of equilibrium will shift towards the side of reaction that produces the most gas molecules
If you increase the pressure….
The position of equilibrium will shift to favour the reaction that produces the fewest gas molecules
Rate of reaction =
Amount of reaction used or amount of product formed ➗time
If the forwards reaction is endothermic, the backwards reaction will be…
Exothermic
Collision theory
A theory used to predict the rates of chemical reactions.
The rate depends on:
> how often the particles collide
> the energy transferred during a collision
What happens to energy during reversible reactions?
The energy released/absorbed by the forward reaction will be exactly equal to the energy absorbed/released by the backwards reaction
