Rate-Determining Steps of Metabolic Processes Flashcards
1
Q
Glycolysis:
- Rate determining step
- Positive Regulators
- Negative Regulators
A
- Phosphofructokinase-1
- AMP, Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate
- ATP, citrate
2
Q
Gluconeogenesis:
- Rate determining step
- Positive Regulators
- Negative Regulators
A
- Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
- ATP, Acetyl-CoA
- AMP, Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate
3
Q
TCA Cycle:
- Rate determining step
- Positive Regulators
- Negative Regulators
A
- Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
- ADP
- ATP, NADH
4
Q
Glycogenesis:
- Rate determining step
- Positive Regulators
- Negative Regulators
A
- Glycogen Synthase
- Glucose-6-Phosphate, Insulin, Cortisol
- Epinephrine, Glucagon
5
Q
HMP Shunt:
- Rate determining step
- Positive Regulators
- Negative Regulators
A
- Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
- NADP+
- NADPH
6
Q
De Novo Pyrimidine Synthesis:
- Rate determining step
- Positive Regulators
- Negative Regulators
A
- Carbomoyl Phosphate Synthetase II
- ATP
- UTP
7
Q
De Novo Purine Synthesis:
- Rate determining step
- Negative Regulators
A
- Glutamine-Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) Amidotransferase
- AMP, Inosine Monophosphate, GMP
8
Q
Urea Cycle:
- Rate determining step
- Positive Regulators
A
- Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I
2. N-acetylglutamate
9
Q
Fatty Acid Synthesis:
- Rate determining step
- Positive Regulators
- Negative Regulators
A
- Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
- Insulin, Citrate
- Glucagon, palmitoyl-CoA
10
Q
Fatty Acid Oxidation:
- Rate determining step
- Negative Regulators
A
- Carnitine Acyltransferase I
2. Malonyl-CoA
11
Q
Ketogenesis Rate Determining Step
A
HMG-CoA Synthase
12
Q
Cholesterol Synthesis:
- Rate determining step
- Positive Regulators
- Negative Regulators
A
- HMG-CoA Reductase
- Insuline, Thyroxine
- Glucagon, Cholesterol
