Rat + Mice Diseases Flashcards
1
Q
What is the bacteria responsible for causing mycoplasmosis
A
Mycoplasma pulmonis
2
Q
What are the hosts of mycoplasmosis
A
Rats, mice, guinea pigs, hamsters, rabbits
3
Q
What are the environmental predisposing factors to getting mycoplasmosis
A
Inadequate husbandry and ammonia build up
4
Q
How is mycoplasmosis transmitted
A
Aerosol or vertical transmission
5
Q
What are the clinical signs of mycoplasmosis
A
Seem healthy in beginning. Can be sub clinical. Sneezing, secretions, porphyrin staining. Or head tilt.
6
Q
How do you diagnosis mycoplasmosis
A
Serology
7
Q
What is the bacteria responsible for causing pseudotuberculosis
A
Corynebacterium kutscheri
8
Q
What are hosts for pseudotuberculosis
A
Rats and mice
9
Q
What are the predisposing factors for pseudotuberculosis
A
Other diseases and stress
10
Q
How is pseudotuberculosis transmitted
A
Aerosol
11
Q
What are the clinical signs of pseudotuberculosis
A
Sub clinical, abscesses, respiratory signs
12
Q
How do you diagnose pseudotuberculosis
A
Necropsy, culture, pcr
13
Q
What is the host of pseudomonas aeruginosa
A
Rodents
14
Q
How is pseudomonas aeruginosa transmitted
A
Through contaminated sources. Humans are carriers and it is everywhere. Bacteria lives in gi tract and can contaminate water
15
Q
What are the clinical signs of pseudomonas aeruginosa infection
A
If healthy: a symptomatic. If immunosuppressed: generalized infection (septicaemia) and acute death
16
Q
How do you prevent pseudomonas aeruginosa
A
Autoclave, acidify water, clorinate the water
17
Q
What bacteria causes tyzzers disease
A
Clostridium piliforme
18
Q
What are the hosts for tyzzers disease
A
Rodents and other species
19
Q
What are the clinical signs of tyzzers disease
A
Non specific digestive signs. Diarrhea, dehydration, lethargy. Can also be sub clinical
20
Q
How do you diagnose tyzzers disease
A
Serology, pcr
21
Q
What bacteria causes salmonellosis
A
Salmonella enteritidis and thyphimurium
22
Q
What are the hosts of salmonellosis
A
Vertebrates
23
Q
What are the clinical signs of salmonellosis
A
You will shit everywhere with blood
24
Q
What is special about salmonellosis
A
It is a zoonosis
25
What is the bacteria responsible for staphylococcus infection
Staphylococcus aureus
26
What are the hosts for staphylococcus
Rodents and humans
27
How is staphylococcus transmitted
Direct contact
28
what are the clinical signs of staphylococcus
Dermatitis (alopecia, errythemia, pustules)
29
What is mycoplasmosis
Murine respiratory m.
30
What bacteria causes rat bite fever
streptobacillus moniliformis
31
What are the hosts of streptobacillus moniliformis
Rodents and humans
32
What are the clinical signs of streptobacillus moniliformis
A symptomatic in rats. However if rats contaminate mice then the mice get septicemia.
33
What are the symptoms of streptobacillus moniliformis
Fever, mono like symptoms. Can also cause arthritis
34
How is transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia spread
Contaminated food, water, bedding.
35
What is the host for transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia
Mice
36
How is transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia spread
Fecal oral route
37
What are the clinical signs of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia
Stained anus, dehydration, lethargy, anorexia. Non specific digestive signs. On necropsy: colon will thicken.
38
How do you diagnose transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia
Pcr
39
What are the clinical signs of helicobacter
Jaundice
40
What are the clinical findings on necropsy if you have helicobacter
White spots on liver
41
How do you diagnose helicobacter
Pcr
42
Which virus causes the rcv sda virus
Corona virus
43
How do you transmit rcv-sda
Aerosol, fomites
44
What are the clinical signs of rcv-sda virus
Coughing, porphyrin staining, enlarged neck.
45
How do you diagnose rcv-sda virus
Serology
46
What is the host of the Sendai virus
Mice
47
How is the Sendai virus transmitted
Through Aerosol. Highly contagious
48
What are the clinical signs of the Sendai virus
Can be subclinical or respiratory signs. Ruffled or hunched
49
How do you diagnose the Sendai virus
Pcr
50
What is the hantaan virus
A zoonotic virus.
51
What are the hosts of the hantavirus
Wild rodents
52
How is the hantaan virus transmitted
Virus is shed in saliva , urine and feces
53
What are the clinical signs of the hantaan virus in rodents
Sub clinical
54
What are the clinical signs of the hantaan virus in humans
Kidney failure, hemmorage, 50 % mortality
55
What virus is responsible for the mouse hepatitis virus
Corona virus
56
What is the host of the mouse hepatitis virus
Mice
57
How is the mouse hepatitis virus transmitted
Aerosol and feces
58
What are the clinical signs of the mouse hepatitis virus
Sub clinical or if you're young= diarrhea
59
How do you diagnose. The mouse hepatitis virus
Elisa and Pcr
60
What are the hosts of the lymphocytic chorioneningitis virus
Wild mouse, or contaminated mice
61
What are the clinical signs of lymphocytic chorioneningitis virus
Subclinical or nervous system signs
62
How is the lymphocytic chorioneningitis virus spread
Body fluids
63
What are the clinical signs of lymphocytic chorioneningitis in humans
Flu like disease. Fatal encephalomeningitis
64
What fungus transmits dermatophytosis
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
65
How is dermatophytosis transmitted
Direct contact
66
What are the clinical signs of dermatophytosis in rodents
Alopecia and dermatitis, redness
67
What are the clinical signs of dermatophytosis in humans
Circular, red, alopecia
68
What are the two types of pinworms
Syphacia obvelata and syphacia muris
69
Describe pinworms
Adults in cecum and colon. Eggs are deposited in Perianal region. Eggs are infectious within a few hours. Ingest eggs
70
What's the difference between syphacia obvelata and aspicularis tetraptera
Eggs are deposited in colon. Eggs are shed in feces. Eggs are ingested
71
What are the clinical signs of aspicularis tetraptera
Sub clinical but can affect behaviour
72
How do you diagnose aspicularis tetraptera
Tape, fecal
73
How do you treat pinworms
Ivermectin, fenbendazole, good sanitation
74
What is hymenolepis nana's cycle
direct or indirect
75
What is hymenolepis diminuta's cycle
Indirect cycle
76
What are the clinical signs of tapeworms
Sub clinical. Diarrhea if big infestation
77
What are the clinical signs of giardia muris
If animal is immunosuppressed then they could have diarrhea, dehydration. Otherwise sub clinical
78
What is the name of the mites of rats
Radfordiaensifera
79
What are the signs of mites in a rat
Sub clinical, itchy, alopecia, ulcerative dermatitis, oily skin
80
How do you diagnose rat mites
Tape, Pcr, skin scraping
81
How do you treat mites in a rat
Ivermectin
82
What is malocclusion
Broken teeth or bad alignment
83
What is the etiology of ring tail
Low humidity, high temp, malnutrition, genetic
84
What are the clinical signs of ring tail
Mild: hyperemia. Moderate: permannular constriction. Severe: tail slough
85
What happens with neoplastic disease in rats
Incidence increases with age. Mammary tumours, testicular tumor: especially in F344 rat. Pituitary tumours. Leukaemia
86
What is urolithiasis in rats
Variety of symptoms. Composition: ammonium magnesium phosphate, carbonate, oxalate. Occasionally confused with copulatory plug.
87
What are the 4 non infectious diseases of rats
Malocclusion
Ring tail
Neoplastic disease
Urolithiasis
88
What are the 5 non infectious disease of mice
```
Barbering
Alopecia of muzzle
Bite wounds
Amyloidosis
Neoplasms
```
89
Where do mice get bite wounds
From dominant male cage mates
90
What is amyloidosis
Occurs spontaneously in old mice. Insoluble protein called amyloid. Vital organ function decrease, not treatable.
91
What are the common neoplasms in mice
Mammary rumours. Lymphoma. Pulmonary tumors
92
What is the scientific name of the rabbit
Oryctolagus cuniculus
93
What is the family of the rabbit
Leporidae
94
Where do rabbits originate
Europe and North western
95
What is the most famous rabbit scientific research
The first rabies vaccine was given by Louis Pasteur
96
What are the two types of rabbit used in laboratories
New Zealand white
| Dutch
97
describe the behaviour of the rabbit
Generally timid, non aggressive, curious but easily startled. Some aggressive or defensive behaviour. High pitched scream. Toilet trainable. Can be housed together
98
What is common of rabbit teeth
Malocclusion issues, also need trimming of peg teeth and front teeth
99
Describe the stomach of a rat
Glandular like, cannot vomit
100
Describe the cecum of a rabbit
Extremely important. Has a cecal appendix
101
What is the sacculus rotundus
Important lymphoid tissue
102
Where is the sacculus rotundus located in the rabbit
Between ileum and secum
103
Describe the colon of the rat
Sacculation: groves to increase surface area
104
What is the composition of the "day" dry feces in rabbits
Indigestible fibers
105
What is the composition of the night feces
Moist. B vitamins, water, nitrogen.
106
What does the color of urine of a rabbit depend on
Varies due to what's eaten
107
Why is rabbit urine turbid
Due to high amount of crystals
108
Describe the musculoskeletal system of a rabbit
High amount of muscle mass but very light bones. 7% of BW is skeleton.
109
Describe the mammary glands of the rabbit
8-10. Distribution is from neck to inguinal region. Males have no nipples
110
Describe the eyes of a rabbit
Third eyelid is developed. They have harderian glands there.
111
Where are the scent glands of a rabbit located
In inguinal pouch. On either side of vagina or penis
112
What are the scent glands of rabbits used for
To mark territory
113
What is a dewlap
A layer of fat on the chin. Mostly females, can cause moist dermatitis.
114
Describe the ears of a rabbit
Thermoregulation (vascular). Auditory and sensitive.
115
Describe the hematopoietic system
Neutrophil (heterophil) = 20-35%.
| Eosinophil: 0-4%
116
Describe the female reproductive system of a rabbit
Bicornuate and double cervix.
117
Describe the reproductive system of a male rabbit
Open inguinal canal. Scrotum is cranial to the penis. Testis descend at 12 weeks.
118
What is the estrus cycle length of a rabbit
Induced ovulator
119
How long is ovulation
9-13hours post copulation
120
What is the duration of gestation in a rabbit
29-35 days
121
When are baby rabbits weaned
4-6 weeks
122
When do rabbits nurse
1x a day (3-4 mins)
123
What is a milk replacement for rabbits
Kitten formula
124
What is the lifespan of the rabbit
5-7 years
125
What type of cages can rabbits be house in
Suspended or plastic cages
126
What is necessary for rabbits from a husbandry standpoint
Need to give food enrichment: greens, hay
