Rashes

Question 1

child presents with a rapidly developing non-blanching purpuric skin rash + any of the following: lethary, HA, fever, rigors and vomiting

Answer 1

Meningitis

Question 2

If meningitis is suspected

Answer 2

immediate IM benzylpenicillin and admitted

Question 3

How does slapped cheek syndrome present?

Answer 3

Rash on both cheeks and fever. The rash may extend to the body and usually presents in the context of another illness, usually the common cold.

Question 4

Slapped cheek pathogen?

Answer 4

Parovirus B19

Question 5

T/F: slapped cheek requires immediate admission and IV antibiotics

Answer 5

false - it is self-limiting and usually resolves within one week.

Question 6

T/F: once the rash appears, children are highly infectious

Answer 6

false - no longer infectious

Question 7

Presentation of hand, foot and mouth disease?

Answer 7

• blisters hands and feet - ulcerations on the tongue - fever

Question 8

T/F: in hand, foot and mouth disease the rash usually presents in the context of another illness, usually the common cold

Answer 8

true

Question 9

Most common cause of hand, foot and mouth disease?

Answer 9

Coxsackie virus A16

Question 10

T/F: hand, foot and mouth disease is self limiting

Answer 10

true - usually resolves within a week

Question 11

child presents with course red rash (sandpaper texture), sore throat, HA and fever. On examination their tongue appears bright red.

Answer 11

scarlet fever

Question 12

Scarlet fever Rx?

Answer 12

antbiotics (usually 10 days phenoxymethylpenicillin) NB: children remains infectious until 24hr post-first Abx dose

Question 13

presentation of measles

Answer 13

characteristic erythematous, blanching maculopapular rash all over the body preceded by a fever, cough, runny nose or conjunctivitis and grey spots (Koplik’s spots) inside the cheeks

Question 14

Complications of measles?

Answer 14

Otitis media, pneumonia, laryngotracheitis and encephalitis Years layer > subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Question 15

Measles is a self-limiting illness - why then is routine immuisation encouraged?

Answer 15

due to the possible complications

Question 16

Measles pathogen?

Answer 16

the measles virus NB: children are infectious from 4 days before the rash to around 4 days after

Question 17

what’s Hives

Answer 17

rasied, itchy red rashes which occur as an allergic reaction

Question 18

hives treatment

Answer 18

antihistamines can be used by they are self-limiting

Question 19

maculopapular vesicular rash that crusts over and forms blisters. Can be itchy + non-specific symptoms like loss of appetite and lethargy

Answer 19

chicken pox

Question 20

T/F: chicken pox is self-limiting

Answer 20

true but contagious

Question 21

chicken pox pathogen?

Answer 21

varicella zoster virus

NB: kids are infectious from 1-2 days before the rash until all lesions have crusted over

Question 22

what is urticaria?

Answer 22

an inflamed-looking, itchy, bumpy rash usually all over the body

is caused by allergy and may occur in anaphylaxis

Question 23

what is this describing - a variation of eczema which is bumpy and usually happens on dry skin

Answer 23

seborrhoec dermatitis

babies with this may have a flaky scalp condition called cradle cap

Question 24

how will eczema present

Answer 24

dry, itchy skin

often FH

itchy - will often have excoriations

usually around the neck, elbows, knees, armpits and face

Question 25

petechiae vs purpura?

Answer 25

petechiae:

purpura: