RAPPEL NEUROANAT

Question 1

Areas, functions & symptoms of brain

Answer 1

Table

Question 2

Ventricules description

Answer 2

Ventricules
- Production of CSF (choroid plexus)
- Protection against mechanical damage
- Small adjustment of ICP
- Immunological harm

Question 3

Gyrus & sulcus of frontal lobe

Answer 3

Table

Question 4

Gyrus & sulcus of parietal lobe

Answer 4

Table

Question 5

Gyrus & sulcus of occipital lobe

Answer 5

Table

Question 6

Gyrus & sulcus of temporal lobe

Answer 6

Table

Question 7

Subcortical structures

Answer 7

Hippocampus
Amygdala
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Hypophysis

Question 8

Definition hippocampus

Answer 8

• Mostly involved in memory processes (declarative, long-term memory), this structure found on floor of posterior horn (lateral ventricle
• Can be divided in 4 fields: CA1-4 in relation to connection to other cortical areas, such as
  prefrontal cortex & association cortex

Question 9

Amygdala function

Answer 9

Involved with memory, structure seems to play role in emotional & planning processes

Question 10

Thalamus description

Answer 10

Involved with perception / selection of inputs & attention

Question 11

Hypothalamus function

Answer 11

Responsible for production of hormones

Question 12

Hypophysis

Answer 12

Produces & releases hormones

Question 13

Substance nigra description

Answer 13

Substance nigra
- Divided compact & reticulate (SNc & SNr)
- Main producer of dopamine for CNS
- Main output nucleus of regulatory pathways

Question 14

Locus coeruleus

Answer 14

Locus coeruleus
- Since discovery 18th century by Felix Vicq d’Azyr
- Intensive research to understand roles this deep brainstem nuclei play in human body
- Main function => produce norepinephrine, being origin of far-reaching noradrenergic systems in brain, affecting behavior, memory & hormone regulation

Question 15

Rhaphes nuclei

Answer 15

• Belongs to reticular formation
• 6 nuclei deep embedded in brainstem
• Main function => produce serotonin, but not all neurons in group of nuclei are serotonergic,
  occurrence varying from 10 to 80% of clusters depending on nucleus

Question 16

Main arteries & structures

Answer 16

Main arteries & structures
- Internal carotid artery (ICA) / paravertebral artery (PVA)
- Basilar artery
- Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
- Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
- Circle of Willis
- Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)
- Middle cerebral artery (MCA)
- Posterior cerebral artery (PCA

Question 17

Branches

Answer 17

Table