Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FA - Rapid Review > Rapid Review - Classic Presentations (Part 2) > Flashcards

Rapid Review - Classic Presentations (Part 2) Flashcards

Pg. 618-620 in First Aid 2014

1
Q

Infant with hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, and hepatomegaly

A

Cori disease (debranching enzyme deficiency) or Von Gierke disease (glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency, more severe)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Infant with microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, clenched hands, and structural heart defect

A

Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Jaundice, palpable distended non-tender gallbladder

A

Courvoisier sign (distal obstruction of biliary tree)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Large rash with bull’s-eye apperance

A

Erythema chronicum migrans from Ixodes tick bite (Lyme disease: Borrelia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lucid interval after traumatic brain injury

A

Epidural hematoma (middle meningeal artery rupture)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Male child, recurrent infections, no mature B cells

A

Bruton disease (X-linked agammaglobinemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time

A

Glanzmann thrombasthenia (defect in platelet aggregation due to lack of GpIIb/IIIa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Muffled heart sounds, distended neck veins, hypotension

A

Beck triad of cardiac tamponade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft tissue tumors, impacted/supernumerary teeth

A

Gardner syndrome (subtype of FAP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Myopathy (infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), exercise intolerance

A

Pompe disease (lysosomal alpha-1,4-glucosidase deficiency)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth

A

Erb-Duchenne palsy (superior trunk [C5-C6] brachial plexus injury: “waiter’s tip”)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

No lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance

A

Sheehan syndrome (pituitary infarction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech, bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia

A

Multiple sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Oscillating slow/fast breathing

A

Cheyne-Stokes respirations (central apnea in CHF or high intracranial pressure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Painful blue fingers/toes, hemolytic anemia

A

Cold agglutinin disease (autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Painful, pale, cold fingers/toes

A

Raynaud phenomenon (vasospasm in extremities)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Painful, raised red lesions on pad of fingers/toes

A

Osler nodes (infective endocarditis, immune complex deposition)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Painless erythematous lesions on palms and soles

A

Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis, septic emboli/microabscesses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Painless jaundice

A

Cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Palpable purpura on buttocks/legs, joint pain, abdominal pain (child), hematuria

A

Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgA vasculitis affecting skin and kidneys)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors

A

MEN 1 (autosomal dominant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Periorbital and/or peripheral edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia

A

Nephrotic syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation

A

“Pink puffer” (emphysema: centriacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency])

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Polyuria, renal tubular acidosis type II, growth failure, electrolyte imbalances, hypophosphatemic rickets

A

Fanconi syndrome (multiple combined dysfunction of the proximal convoluted tubule)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Pruritic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques (6 P’s)

A

Lichen planus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis

A

Horner syndrome (sympathetic chain lesion)

27
Q

Pupil accommodates but doesn’t react

A

Argyll Robertson pupil (neurosyphilis)

28
Q

Rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends following GI/upper respiratory infection

A

Guillain-Barre syndrome (acute autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy)

29
Q

Rash on palms and soles

A

Coxsackie A, secondary syphilis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever

30
Q

Recurrent colds, unusual eczema, high serum IgE

A

Hyper-IgE syndrome (Job syndrome: neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality)

31
Q

Red “currant jelly” sputum in alcoholic or diabetic patients

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

32
Q

Red “currant jelly” stool

A

Acute mesenteric ischemia (adults), intussusception (infants)

33
Q

Red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple/areola

A

Paget disease of the breast (sign of underlying neoplasm)

34
Q

Red urine in the morning, fragile RBCs

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

35
Q

Renal cell carincoma (bilateral), hemangioblastomas, angiomatosis, pheochromocytoma

A

von Hippel-Lindau disease (dominant tumor suppressor gene mutation)

36
Q

Resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability

A

Parkinson disease (nigrostriatal dopamine depletion)

37
Q

Retinal hemorrhages with pale centers

A

Roth spots (bacterial endocarditis)

38
Q

Severe jaundice in neonate

A

Crigler-Najjar syndrome (congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)

39
Q

Severe RLQ pain with palpation of LLQ

A

Rovsing sign (acute appendicitis)

40
Q

Severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness

A

McBurney sign (acute appendicitis)

41
Q

Short stature, increased incidence of tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia

A

Fanconi anemia (genetic loss of DNA crosslink repair; often progresses to AML)

42
Q

Single palmar crease

A

Down syndrome

43
Q

Situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, infertility

A

Kartagener syndrome (dynein arm defect affecting cilia)

44
Q

Skin hyperpigmentation, hypotension, fatigue

A

Addision disease (primary adrenocortical insufficiency causes increased ACTH and increased alpha-MSH production)

45
Q

Slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys

A

Becker muscular dystrophy (X-linked missense mutation in dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne)

46
Q

Small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue-white centers

A

Koplik spots (measles; rubeola virus)

47
Q

Smooth, flat, moist, painless white lesions on genitals

A

Condylomata lata (secondary syphilis)

48
Q

Splinter hemorrhage in fingernails

A

Bacterial endocarditis

49
Q

“Strawberry tongue”

A

Scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome

50
Q

Streak ovaries, congenital heart disease, horseshoe kidney, cystic hygroma at birth, short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema

A

Turner syndrome (45, XO)

51
Q

Sudden swollen/painful bit toe joint, tophi

A

Gout/podagra (hyperuricemia)

52
Q

Swollen gums, mucosal bleeding, poor wound healing, petechiae

A

Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency: can’t hydroxylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis)

53
Q

Swollen, hard, painful finger joints in an elderly individual, pain worse with activity

A

Osteoarthritis (osteophytes on PIP [Bouchard nodes], DIP [Heberden nodes])

54
Q

Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-descrescendo)

A

Aortic valve stenosis

55
Q

Thyroid and parathyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma

A

MEN 2A (autosomal dominant ret mutation)

56
Q

Thyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuromatosis

A

MEN 2B (autosomal dominant ret mutation)

57
Q

Toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape

A

Babinski sign (UMN lesion)

58
Q

Unilateral facial drooping involving forehead

A

Facial nerve (LMN CN VII palsy)

59
Q

Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis in a male

A

Reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27

60
Q

Vascular birthmark (port-wine stain)

A

Hemangioma (benign, but associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome)

61
Q

Vomiting blood following gastroesophageal lacerations

A

Mallory-Weiss syndrome (alcoholic and bulimic patients)

62
Q

Weight loss, diarrhea, arthritis, fever, adenopathy

A

Whipple disease (Tropheryma whipplei)

63
Q

“Worst headache of my life”

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

FA - Rapid Review (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions