Rapid Review 582

Question 1

Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis

Answer 1

Horner’s syndrome (sympathetic chain lesion)

Question 2

Positive anterior drawer sign

Answer 2

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury

Question 3

Polyuria, acidosis, growth failure, electrolyte imbalances

Answer 3

Faconi’s syndrome (proximal tubular reabsorption defect)

Question 4

Pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors

Answer 4

MEN 1 (autosomal dominant)

Question 5

Palpable purpura on buttocks/legs, joint pain, abdominal pain (child)

Answer 5

Henoch-Schnolein purpura (IgA vasculitis affecting skin and kidneys)

Question 6

Painless Jaundice

Answer 6

Cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing the bile duct

Question 7

Painless erythematous lesions on palms and soles

Answer 7

Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis)

Question 8

Painful, raised red lesions on palms and soles

Answer 8

Osler’s node (infective endocraditis)

Question 9

Painful, pale, cold fingers/toes

Answer 9

Raynaud’s syndrome (vasospasm in extremities)

Question 10

Painful blue fingers.toes, hemolytic anemia

Answer 10

Cold agglutinin dz (Autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by Mycoplasma pneumniae, infectious mononucleosis) EBV

Question 11

Oscillating slow/fast breathig

Answer 11

Cheyne-Stokes respirations (central apnea in CHF or inc intracranial pressure)

Question 12

Nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech, b/l internuclear ophthalmoplegia

Answer 12

Multiple sclerosis

Question 13

No lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance

Answer 13

Sheehan’s syndrome (pituitary infarction)– too much blood loss during birth

Question 14

Neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth

Answer 14

Erb-Duchenne palsy (superior trunk C5-C6 brachial plexus injury: waiter’s tip)

Question 15

Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis

Answer 15

Wegener’s (c-ANCA positive) and Goodpasteur’s syndromes (anti-basement membrane antibodies)

Question 16

Myopathy (infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), exercise intolerance

Answer 16

Pompe’s dz (lysosomal alpha-1,4-glucosidase deficiency

Question 17

Multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft ts tumors, impacted supernumerary teeth

Answer 17

Gardners syndrome (subtype of FAP)

Question 18

Mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time

Answer 18

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia (defect in plt aregation due to lack of GpIIb/IIIa)

Question 19

Male child (boy), recurrent infections, no mature B cells (boy,b cells)

Answer 19

Bruton’s dz (X-linked agammaglobulinemia)

Question 20

Lucid interval after traumatic brain injury

Answer 20

Epidural hematoma (middle meningeal artery rupture)

Question 21

Large rash with bull’s eye appearance

Answer 21

Erythema chronicum migrans from Ixodes tick bite (Lyme dz: Borrelia)

Question 22

Keratin pearls on sin biopsy

Answer 22

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 23

Infant with microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, clenched hands, structural heart defect

Answer 23

Edwards’ syndrome (trisomy 18)

Question 24

Infant with hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, hepatomegaly

Answer 24

Cori’s dz (debranching enzyme deficiency) defect in glucogenolysis in liver

Question 25

Infant with failure to thrie, hepatosplenomegaly, neurodegeneration, cherry red spot on macula

Answer 25

Niemann-Pick dz(genetic sphinogomyelinase deficiency)

Question 26

Pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation

Answer 26

Pink puffer (emphysema: centroacinar (smoking), panacinar (alpha-antitrypsin deficiency)