Random Topics Flashcards
What is the duration of action for Naloxone?
Half Life is 30–90 minutes
Duration of action is 1–2hours
What is the name of a bilateral fracture of the pedicles of C2? What mechanism causes this?
Hangman’s fracture
Caused by hyperextension of the cervical spine
Considered an unstable fracture, though patients frequently survive this without issue
What is the name of a fracture of C1 and the most common mechanism?
Jefferson’s fracture
Caused by an axial load on the cervical spine or from hyperextension, commonly from diving
It is the fracture of the anterior and/or posterior arches of C1
What is the most commonly fractured tarsal bone of the foot and what is the mechanism?
Calcaneus is the most commonly fractured tarsal bone and is caused by an axial load such as falling from a height onto the feet.
These are commonly associated with compression fractures of the lumbar spine.
Describe the classic features of food poisoning caused by Staph aureus
Abrupt onset within 1–6 hours, lasting no longer than 24 hours
Primary symptoms are abdominal pain and forceful retching, but not usually diarrhea—mild if present
Treatment is supportive only as it resolves spontaneously and quickly
Caused by pre-formed toxins responsible for the rapid onset of symptoms
Any protein-rich food can support the growth of Staph including, ham, eggs, mayo, custard, potato salad
What is the most common causes of infectious diarrhea in Latin America, and in the United States?
In Latin America: E. coli
In the United States: Norovirus
Where is the most common site of pain in pregnant women with appendicitis?
Right lower quadrant, though, pain can be located in the right upper quadrant dueto dislocation of the intestines.
What is the best test to diagnose a hernia in a 15-year-old female?
In children and pregnant women, an ultrasound is the best test, however, in other patients a CT scan is the best test.
What is intestinal pseudo obstruction?
A clinical disorder with signs symptoms and radiographic evidence of large bowel obstruction without evidence of distal colonic obstruction. Mechanism is unknown but thought to be secondary to an autonomic innervation imbalance. Risk factors include advanced age, recent surgery, underlying neurological conditions, and critical illness.
