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Random Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Skin conditions characterized by darkened skin patches common in people whose body is not responding correctly to the insulin that they make in their pancreas

A

Acanthosis Nigricans

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2
Q

Hormone produced by the alpha cells in the pancreas that raises blood glucose

A

Glucagon

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3
Q

One of the simplest forms of sugar

A

Glucose

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4
Q

Excessive blood glucose

A

Hyperglycemia

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5
Q

Condition when someone’s blood glucose is lower than normal

A

Hypoglycemia

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6
Q

The first objective of the electrologist is to determine the

A

depth which to treat the hair in a given area

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7
Q

The distance from the surface of the epidermis to the bottom of the bulb

A

Hair depth

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8
Q

The electrologist selects a _____ hair to gauge the depth to which she will insert

A

later anagen

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9
Q

Which type of hair is deal for the electrologist

A

Hair B , 1/4 inches above the skin , LATE ANAGEN

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10
Q

Average time of hair reappearance after tweezing / waxing for deep , coarse , bulbous terminal hair (as in chins)

A

5-6 weeks

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11
Q

Average time of hair reappearance after tweezing / waxing for medium depth terminal hair (side of face/body)

A

6-7 weeks

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12
Q

Average time of hair reappearance after tweezing / waxing for medium depth intermediate or accelerated vellus hair

A

7-9 weeks

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13
Q

Regrowth time for shallow vellus hair (downy, general face)

A

8-10 weeks

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14
Q

Term that applies to a superfluous hair that has not been tweezed , cut , or tampered with in the previous 8+ months

A

Virgin Growth

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15
Q

The _____ of the hair determines the degree of kinkiness of the hair

A

flatness

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16
Q

Always use a _____ point and a needle diameter that equals that of the widest part of the hair shaft

A

well rounded

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17
Q

Appears to be a short thick brownish hair that can be tweezed from the pore without traction

A

Vellus Comedones (Trichostasis / Spinulosa / Bundelhaar)

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18
Q

The malpighian layer consists of which two layers of the epidermis

A

basal / spinosum

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19
Q

Large egg shaped cells responsible for the onset of inflammation and play a vital role in the healing process

A

Mast cells

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20
Q

Burning - shocking sensation

A

Galvanic

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21
Q

Burning sensation

A

High Frequency

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22
Q

Chemical that prevents blood from clotting and speeds removal of lipids

A

Heparin

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23
Q

Chemical that enhances nerve transmission and is a vasoconstrictor

A

Serotonin

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24
Q

A chemical for wound healing , promotes vessel dilation and permeability , and activates white blood cells

A

Histamine

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25
Q

These defend the body from microorganisms that have invaded the tissues or bloodstream

A

Leuckocyes

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26
Q

These certain leukocytes attack , engulf , and digest invading microorganisms with enzymes

A

Neutrophils / Monocytes

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27
Q

These make thick gel like collagen that fills the border of the wound and entire follicle

A

Fibroblasts

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28
Q

Blood vessels bridge the dead follicle by sprouting buds that join to form tiny capillary loops called

A

Angiogenesis

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29
Q

Happens when galvanic current causes excessive chemical decomposition . They’re open and oozing

A

Weeping follicles

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30
Q

These may result from improper insertions or from oversized needle

A

Black or blue marks / lumps

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31
Q

Five main variables which effect treatment

A

length of time current is applied
intensity of current
depth of insertion
needle diameter
moisture gradient

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32
Q

Determining the correct depth for an insertion is done by inserting to a depth of about ____ of the needle length , applying _____ , then grasping the ____ and pulling slightly upward

A

half , current , hair shaft

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33
Q

The distance between the bottom of the hair root and the point at which the forceps grip the successfully epilated hair becomes the ____

A

depth gauge

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34
Q

The electrologist must examine the hair to be treated and select a needle the ____ diameter

A

same

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35
Q

The ______ will establish the heating pattern that is formed in the follicle when the current is applied

A

diameter of the needle

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36
Q

The _____ the diameter of the needle, the more slowly the heating pattern rises to the skin

A

larger

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37
Q

A needle with a _____ diameter delivers more concentrated current

A

small

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38
Q

Using too ___of a needle can also be a primary cause of over treatment due to current rising to the skin

A

small

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39
Q

The shaft of this needle is covered with teflon sheath which focuses the heat at the tip of the needle and keeps it from rising to the surface as rapidly

A

Insulated bulbous needles

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40
Q

Cataphoresis with sea breeze , witch hazel , or an appropriate antiseptic solution is great _____

A

after care

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41
Q

This type of keloid will form a scar no matter how minor the injury , if a problem arises they will need a cortisone injection to silastic gel sheeting

A

systemic keloidosis

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42
Q

These are common on the neck (near the crease and blow), the shoulders , and chest wall

A

Keloids

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43
Q

Which modality is best for deep , coarse , dark and curly terminal hairs in dark skin

A

Blend

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44
Q

Electrolysis does NOT cause _____ to form in face or neck unless the follicle becomes severely infected

A

keloids

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45
Q

An asymptomatic disease characterized by flat or elevated dark brow black papular lesions of different sizes (often mistaken for moles) that usually begin near the eyes

A

Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra (DPN)

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46
Q

Often mistaken for PFB, this is very aggressive and large sausage like keloids will form and eventually ni hair will grow in affected area

A

Keloidal folliculitis

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47
Q

Use of the negative pole to increase blood supply (promotes redness), softens skin, and stimulates nerves

A

Anaphoresis

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48
Q

Use of the positive pole to close follicle, decrease redness, and re establish pH

A

Cataphoresis

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49
Q

Unit of electrical PRESSURE

A

Volt

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50
Q

Unit of electrical STRENGTH

A

ampere

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51
Q

Unit of electrical RESISTANCE

A

Ohm

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52
Q

Unit of POWER

A

Watt (ampere x volts )

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53
Q

One thousandth of an ampere

A

Millampere

54
Q

The smallest part of matter that still maintains individual physical and chemical characteristics

A

molecule

55
Q

(Device) High frequency alternating current required for thermolysis is produced by an ____

A

Oscillator

56
Q

In galvanic electrolysis, if you increase the intensity or duration , then the amount of lye produced will be _____

A

increased

57
Q

Who devised the term “unit of lye”

A

Arthur Hinkel

58
Q

More heat is produced in the ____ portions of the follicle

A

lower

59
Q

This probe bends more GENTLY and gradually and is great for coarse hair with deep straight follicles

A

One piece

60
Q

This probe is attached to the shank , is straight / cylindrical , and favorited by electrologist

A

two piece

61
Q

These probes are most effective when using THERMOLYSIS bc they produce the best point effect

A

Tapered Insulated Probes

62
Q

These probes work well with THERMOLYSIS AND BLEND

A

Cylindrical Insulated Probes

63
Q

These probes are effective with GALVANIC, but are NOT the probe of choice bc they create the largest amount of lye at the tip of

A

Bulbous Insulated Probes

64
Q

These probes are NOT suitable for galvanic current because they are wider at the top and generate stronger lye closer to the skin

A

Tapered NON insulated probes

65
Q

These probes are preferred for use with GALVANIC current because they evenly distribute lye throughout the hair shaft

A

Cylindrical NON insulated probes

66
Q

All ____ probes can be used with THERMOLYSIS. But they differ in galvanic with the pattern of lye

A

NON insulated

67
Q

The most important factor when choosing ____ is the ability to withstand sterilization frequently

A

Forceps

68
Q

A ____diameter needle will allow you to introduce more current and less pain with a more effective treatment

A

Larger

69
Q

Client records shall be maintained for a period of how many years from the date of entry

A

7

70
Q

This condition results from infection by the HIV virus

A

AIDS

71
Q

Antiseptics (hydrogen peroxide, alcohol) are regulated by the

A

FDA

72
Q

Non living hair that is detached from the lower portion of the hair follicle after the telogen stage

A

Club hair

73
Q

A hormone produced by the adrenal gland

A

Cortisone

74
Q

Hyperfunction of adrenal cortex (excess cortisol)

A

Cushing’s syndrome

75
Q

In electricity, this is known as the number of cycles per second of alternating current

A

Frequency

76
Q

These are known as boils : painful nodules formed in the hair follicle due to bacterial infection (staphylococci). Can affect one or more hair follicles

A

Furuncle, carbuncle

77
Q

Thickened club shape structure that forms lower part of the hair root (covers dermal papilla)

A

Hair bulb

78
Q

Area of hair where actively dividing cells (mitosis) are producing hair

A

Hair MATRIX

79
Q

Collection of blood trapped in the tissue after trauma

A

Hematoma

80
Q

Congential anomaly of excessive bleeding due to deficiency of coagulation factor

A

Hemophilia

81
Q

Shingles is also known as

A

Herpes zoster / chicken pox

82
Q

What is excessive vellus hair growth called

A

Hypertrichosis

83
Q

Excessive formation of cells

A

Hyperplasia

84
Q

Excessive hair growth that can be directly linked to MEDICAL DRUG THERAPY

A

lactic hirustim

85
Q

Self originating - no known cause

A

Idiopathic

86
Q

Upper portion of the hair follicle from the entrance of the sebaceous duct to the skin surface

A

Infundibulum

87
Q

Protein hormone formed by the BETA cells of the islands of Langerhans in the pancreas and secreted into blood

A

Insulin

88
Q

Part of the hair follicle between the point of attachment of arrector pili muscle and point of entry of sebaceous gland

A

Isthmus

89
Q

Large elongated gland that stretches across abdominal wall which secretes digestive fluids into intestine through one or more ducts (secretes insulin)

A

Pancreas

90
Q

A gland that secretes a hormone which helps maintain level of BLOOD, CALCIUM, and PHOSPHORUS

A

Parathyroid

91
Q

Cone shaped gland in the brain that secretes melatonin and inhibit secretion of LH

A

Pineal

92
Q

Small gland attached to the hypothalamus

A

Pituitary

93
Q

Appliance for regulating RESISTANCE and controls AMOUNT OF CURRENT entering electrical circuit

A

Rheostat

94
Q

Presence in the blood or other tissues of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins

A

Sepsis

95
Q

Device to increase or decrease PRESSURE of electric current flowing through

A

Transformer

96
Q

Phenomenon that is produced inside a laser , when electrons are repeated by energy, they will force a proton to jump off in a wave form and return to resting state (molecule emits two photons of light after absorbing one)

A

Stimulated Emission

97
Q

What creates a laser beam?

A

Stimulated emisssion

98
Q

This determines the wavelength of the laser

A

Lasing medium (gas, solid, liquid)

99
Q

This is measured in nanometers when dealing with lasers or IPL

A

Wavelength

100
Q

Different colored structures in the tissue

A

Chromophore

101
Q

Radiation that CHANGES DNA

A

Ionizing

102
Q

Radiation that DOES NOT CHANGE DNA

A

Non ionizing

103
Q

What agency regulates guidance on selecting protective eye wear

A

ANSI (American National Standards Institute)

104
Q

Eye protection is needed for what class lasers

A

3B and 4

105
Q

Three main chromophores in the skin

A

Melanin, hemoglobin , and water

106
Q

Must be equal to or shorter than TRT of target chromophore

A

Pulse width

107
Q

What is absorbed by target chromophore

A

Wavelength

108
Q

What has to be High enough to destroy target chromophore

A

Fluence

109
Q

Time needed for the target chromophore to dissipate 50-63% of its peak temp

A

Thermal Relaxation Time TRT

110
Q

Energy density is also referred to as

A

Fluence

111
Q

Who came up w theory of selective photothermolysis

A

Rox Anderson

112
Q

This states that in order to have a biological effect in the tissue, light must be absorbed by the target tissue

A

Grothus Draper Law

113
Q

Rather than a specific wavelength, this instrument applies a broad range of light (400-1400nm)

A

IPL

114
Q

Determined by the distance between two peaks, dictates appropriate treatment

A

Wavelength

115
Q

The ____ on the spectrum, the SHALLOWER the penetration

A

Lower

116
Q

The ____ on the spectrum, the DEEPER the penetration

A

Higher

117
Q

The ____ on the spectrum of light the HIGHER the attraction to melanin

A

Lower

118
Q

The ___ on the spectrum, the DEEPER the penetration

A

Higher

119
Q

Units of energy

A

Joules

120
Q

Process that reduces the amount of laser energy that can be directed at the target tissue

A

Scattering

121
Q

Energy output is through the ____

A

Spot size

122
Q

The amount of time energy is directed to a target

A

Pulse width (ms)

123
Q

A shorter pulse width is more ____ to the target

A

Destructive

124
Q

A smaller spot size results in a ____ penetration with ____ scatter

A

Shallower , More

125
Q

Measures the rate of energy per unit area

A

Fluence (measured in joule j/cm2)

126
Q

Maximum Fluence is determined by these 3 factors

A

pulse width, spot size, and wavelength

127
Q

Best needle for GALVANIC (direct current)

A

Bulbous

128
Q

Best needle for THERMOLYSIS (High Frequency)

A

Tapered

129
Q

This needle is good for ALL 3 modalities and is the BEST

A

Standard cylindrical

130
Q

This needle is good if you watch your ma and insulation

A

Insulated

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