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Random Questions Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What is Hypoglycemia

A

Low blood sugar,
Rapid loss of consciousness
Convulsions - Death

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2
Q

What is Hyperglycemia

A

High blood sugar,
Thirst and dehydration
Polyuria.

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3
Q

What does a A or an mean in Med terminology

A

A or an means lack of Anoxia- lack of oxygen.

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4
Q

What are the bones in the cranium

A

Frontal Bone,

Parietal Bone

Temporal bone- Think Temple

Occipital Bone

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5
Q

What are the 3 different parts of the small intestine

A

1st - Duodenum
2nd- Jejunum
3rd Ileum

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6
Q

What is the scale for measure PH Level

A

0-14

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7
Q

What does stenosis mean

A

Narrowing

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8
Q

What is a hernia

A

Pritrusion of an organ where it shouldn’t be.

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9
Q

What is Proton Pump inhibitor used for?

A

reduction of Gastric acid production

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10
Q

What is GORD

A

Gastro Oesophageal Reflux Disease

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of GORD

A

Heart Burn, from acid reflux.

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12
Q

What is an OGD

A

Oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy. Camera test of stomach/ Oesophagus/ Duodenum

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13
Q

What is IDIOPATHIC

A

Unknown cause

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14
Q

What is hereditary

A

Passed onto Genes

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15
Q

What is Iatrogenic

A

Caused by medical examination or treatment

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16
Q

What is Emesis

A

Vomiting

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17
Q

What drug would you use to stop vomiting

A

Anti-Emetic

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18
Q

What is Haeomotemesis

A

Vomiting of blood

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19
Q

What are the 5 sections of the spine

A 
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacrel
Coccyx
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20
Q

How many Vertebrae are contained in the spine

A

33

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21
Q

What are the breakdown of vertebrae in the spine

A 
Cervical -7 (neck) 
Thoracic -12 (chest)
Lumbar - 5 (lower back)
Sacrel- 5 (fused)
Coccyx- 4Tailbone
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22
Q

What does Viscera mean

A

Organs

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23
Q

What are the parts of the large Colon

A

Ascending (R) , Tranverse and Descending (L)

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24
Q

What is Peristalsis

A

Constant Bowel movements Constricting and relaxing

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25
Q

What is Retroperitoneum

A

Behind the peritoneum

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26
Q

What does the retro-peritoneum contain

A

Kidneys, Pancreas and Duodenum

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27
Q

What does the Pancreas do

A

Aids digestion of fats, creates Insulin for regulating blood sugar levels

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28
Q

What are the two types of diabetic

A 
Type 1 Pancreas doesn't produce insulin
Type 2 (poor diet) Can be treated with a balanced diet
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29
Q

What is Cardiac output

A

The volume of blood pumped in one minute

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30
Q

How do we find CO

A

CO=HR x SV

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31
Q

What are the letters for Blood glucose monitoring

A

BM

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32
Q

Where is Bile made

A

In the liver

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33
Q

Where is Bile stored

A

In the Gall bladder

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34
Q

What are liver cells called

A

Hepatocytes

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35
Q

What does the liver do

A 
Breaks down Toxins
Stores Glycogen (stored Glucose)
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36
Q

what is the prone position

A

Lying face down

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37
Q

What is supine

A

Lying face up

38
Q

What are molecules

A

Two or more atoms joined together

39
Q

What are the four valves in the heart

A

Pulminary valve
Tricuspid
Aortic valve
Mitral valve

40
Q

What is the epiglottis

A

Flap that covers the Oesophagus therefore air goes into the trachea.

41
Q

How many pairs of ribs are there?

A

12 pairs, two floating not connected to the sternum

42
Q

What are intercostal muscles

A

Muscle between ribs

43
Q

What is a tracheostomy

A

Surgical airway

44
Q

What is intubation

A

Insertion of an endotracheal tube (ET) this is done so a patient can be placed on a ventilator.

45
Q

What is the abbreviation Temp

A

Temerature

46
Q

What is the abbreviation BP

A

Blood pressure

47
Q

What is the abbreviation BM

A

Blood sugar

48
Q

What is the abbreviation RR

A

Respirator rate

49
Q

What is SPO2

A

Oxygen saturations

50
Q

What is the abbreviation CRT

A

Capillary refill time

51
Q

What is the abbreviation PERLA

A

Pupils equal reflevtive to light and accomodating

52
Q

what is the abbreviation ECB

A

Emergency care bandage

53
Q

What is the abbreviation NDC

A

needle decompression

54
Q

What isOPA

A

Oral Phalangeal Airway

55
Q

What is LOC

A

Loss of consciousness

56
Q

What does PTX mean

A

Pneumothorax

57
Q

What does HTX mean

A

Haeomthorax

58
Q

What does NG mean

A

Nasal gastric tube

59
Q

What does IO mean

A

Inter-Osseous

60
Q

What does PO mean

A

Orally

61
Q

what does # mean

A

Fracture

62
Q

what does PR mean

A

Rectal

63
Q

What are the goal post of life

A

under 120 BPM and 10-30 RR

64
Q

What is systolic blood pressure

A

the amount of pressure in the arteries during contraction of your heart muscle.

65
Q

What is diastolic pressure

A

the measurement of pressure in your blood vessels in between heart contractions.

66
Q

What is HYPER-thermia

A

Body temperature greatly above normal 37.5- 38.3

67
Q

What is HYPO-Thermia

A

A abnormally low body temperature (35 degrees C)

68
Q

What is the average core body temperature

A

37 degrees C

69
Q

What is septicemia

A

Infection of the blood stream (blood Poisoning)

70
Q

What is S/C Subcutaneaous

A

Into a fatty part of the body

71
Q

What is Mitosis

A

Replication of cells

72
Q

Where does the adrenal gland sit?

A

Above each kidney

73
Q

What is the pylorus

A

The opening from the stomach into the duodenum

74
Q

What is ingestion

A

ability to take in food

75
Q

What is digestion

A

ability to breakdown food

76
Q

What is excretion

A

ability to pass out waste

77
Q

What is respiration

A

the ability to use oxygen

78
Q

What is sensitivity

A

awareness of surroundings

79
Q

what is reproduction in cells

A

replicates itself

80
Q

in cells what is movement

A

the ability to move

81
Q

How many Lobes are there in the lungs

A

3 right 2 left

82
Q

what colour is air on an xray

A

black

83
Q

Where do paired ribs meet

A

at the sternum

84
Q

What divides the lobes in the lungs

A

fissures

85
Q

Which side of the heart carries oxygen around the body

A

left

86
Q

The parietal Pleura

A

is the outer membrane which is attached to the inner surface of the thoracic cavity

87
Q

What is the visceral pleura

A

a delicate serous membrane that covers each lung

88
Q

What are the three types of Muscular tissue

A

Skeletal muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Smooth Muscle

89
Q

Where is the Antecubital fossa located?

A

Anterior to the elbow

90
Q

What is a fossa

A

shallow depression

Medical (10 decks)

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