Random Explanations Flashcards
Which haloalkanes bonds break first.
1) Tertiary - weakest
2) Secondary
3) Primary - Strongest
Ionisation down a group
Nuclear charge goes up Atomic Radius goes up Shielding electrons goes up UP TO THE HEIGHEST HEIGHTS LETS GO FLY A KITE AND SEND IT SOARING UP THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE UP WHERE THE AIR IS CLEAR LETS GO FLY A KITE Nuclear charge has less effect
Ionisation along a period
Nuclear charge goes up
Atomic Radius goes down
Electron Shielding remains the same
(Electrons added to the same shell)
Boiling Point in molecules with same Mr
BrancHing increases BrAnched isoMers have smaller contact area Weaker london forces RequIre Less energy TO break BoiliNg point decreases
Trend in group 2 hydroxides
Increase down the group
E/Z Priority
Atom attachEd to carbon in carbon-carbon doubLe bond.
If thAt iS The same then lIst the atoms bonded to that atom bonded to the Carbon-Carbon dOuble boND in priOrity order
Larger atoMic number has higher priority
Strength of attraction in ionic compounds
Smaller ionic radius means greater charge density and stronger attraction to opposite ion
Bigger charge also means greater attraction
Trend in amount of oxygen needed for combustion
Increases with more carbon atoms in the chain
Reactivity with water increases down group 2
Atomic radius goes up
Electron Shielding goes up
Nuclear charge goes up but has less effect
Easy bromination with phenol
More electrons in ring due to lone pair from O in OH
Bonding in Benzene
Regular Planar Hexagon C6H6 C-C sigma bonds 6 C-H sigma bonds P-orbitals perpendicular to plane P-orbitals overlap laterally to form delocalised ring
Addition reaction (not kekule)
Benzene does not react with halogens at RTP but alkenes do. Kekule predicts they would.
Enthalpy of Hydrogenation (not kekule)
Lot less than 3 double bonds would predict
Benzene and Cyclohexene reactions
Benzene has equal electron density all over
Cyclohexane has concentrated electron density
