Randa Medicine Flashcards
Mid-systolic murmur on right second intercostal space radiating to carotid is
aortic stenosis
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy is also a ___ murmur.
systolic ejection
Continuous murmur/machinery murmur/Gibson murmur which decreases with sitting is
PDA
Ascendo-decrescendo systolic murmur radiating to carotid
Aortic stenosis
Blowing early diastolic murmur (Decrescendo murmur) best heard at left sternal border + Traube’s sign
Aortic regurgitation
mid diastolic murmur, just after opening snap
Mitral stenosis
Severe mitral stenosis has valve area
<1
mild mitral stenosis has valve area
> 1.5
Pansystolic murmur
Mitral/tricuspid regurgitation
____ is a mid-diastolic murmur best heart at apex
Austin flint murmur
Mid diastolic murmur which is worsened by Valsalva or standing.
Mitral valve prolapse:
SVT if patient is stable start with :
with vagal maneuvers then IV adenosine then CCB (verapamil/Diltazem) or Beta blockers.
On ECG, a high peaked T wave is,
hyperkalemia
A flat wave T wave in a vomiting patient is
hypokalemia.
Adenosine cannot be given with _____.
theophylline
In Early diastole
Aortic and pulmonary regurgitation.
In Mid/late-diastole
Mitral and tricuspid stenosis.
LDL goal in normal diabetic is
<100
LDL in diabetic with CAD is
<70
HTN how much is reduced by weight reduction:
5-20mmhg/10kg
Flask shaped heart indicated
pleural effusion
In severe (symptomatic) aortic stenosis avoid
nitrates, ACE and do surgery.
Hard signs of vascular injury are
bruit, absent pulses, expandable hematoma, ischemia, or active hemorrhage other signs are soft.
Initial therapy of CHF with low EF is
loop diuretic with an ACE or ARB
Kussmaul’s sign (increase in JVP with inspiration) is seen in
constrictive pericarditis
ECG digoxin toxicity is shown on ECG by
ST segment depression “reverse tick sign”
Elective procedures are done __ months after MI
6
Obstructive Cardiomyopathy with syncope and SOB managed by
Beta blockers
Acute pericarditis is treated by
indomethacin
Smoking decreases life expectancy by
10 years.
situs invertus, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis and can affect fertility.
Kartagener’s syndrome
Pharmacological treatments for smoking cessation include
Varenicline, Bupropion, Nicotine replacement therapy.
Pleuritic friction rub is associated with pneumonia so do ___
CXR
Upper lobe cavitation with air fluid level indicates lung abscess which is treated with
clindamycin
After 10 years of quitting smoking risk of dying from lung cancer drops by
half
In PE most common ECG finding is
ST-Twave changes
Low DLCO in COPD indicates
emphysema
In PE most accurate diagnostic modality is ___ and V/Q is utilized as diagnostic modality in _____&____
CT Angio (spiral CT), renal disease patients and pregnant
diffuse bilateral infiltration
Mycoplasma pneumonia
lobar consolidation.
CAP
Treatment of pneumonia is in less than 60
is macrolides (azithromycin/clindamycin) or doxycycline are 1st line
Treatment of pneumonia if older than 60
fluroquinolone or second or 3rd generation cephalosporin.
In CP patients respiratory failure type is
hypercapnic
modality of choice to visualize endocarditis
TE echo
Severe pleuritic chest pain and PH<7
empyema
