Raleigh And Virginia Flashcards
Who was Sir Walter Raleigh
A noblemen and a courtier he became an explorer during Es reign
1584-E gave Raleigh a grant to explore and settle lands in North America
Raleigh needed to raise huge amounts of money and encourage potential English colonists to leave their homes and settle in a land many knew little about
Why was Virginia colonised
Trade- Explorers and colonists woild be able to barter iron ware,woollen cloth and hunting knives in return for animal skins,gold and other commodities thay could be sold at a profit
Colony could also produce crops,sugar cane and tobacco that could be brought back to England
Why was Virginia colonised (2)
Colonising virgins would provide a base to attack Spanish settlement and colonies
Would provide considerable Loot and booty
Wold also demonstrate to the Indian tribes that the English were a better alternative to the Spanish as rulers
Why was Virginia colonised (3)
England would be less dependent on Spain,France and Italy for imported goods if it could produce them in Virginia
Who went to Virginia
Raleigh did not lead the expedition but a party of 107 colonists almost all men set out for Roanoke Virginia in 1585
Led by Richard Grenville was mostly made up of soldiers and sailors
Some craftsmen landowners and farmer
Why did lack of food lead to failure of Virginia colony
Food-first colonists left England too late to reach Virginia in time to plant crops
One of their 5 ships let in seawater ruining the good it was carrying
How did food lead to the failure of the colony (2)
Unable to provide for themselves those participating in the first expedition simply abandoned the colony in 1586
The second “lost” colony may also have struggled to feed itself making the colonists dependant on local Indian tribes
How did lack of skills and experience lead to failure of the colony
Both expeditions lacked the experience and skill sets needed to make the expedition a success. Merchants and landowners lacked physical capacity for manual work
Lack of stonemasons meant that stone fort was never built leaving colony vulnerable to indian attack
Soldiered could defend expedition but lacked ability to farm the land
How did poor leaderships lead to the failure of the colony
Leader of first expedition Richard Grenville was hot headed and did not get on with Ralph lane governor of the colony
Leader of the second expedition John white abandoned the colony in 1587
How did poor leaderships led to failure of the colony (2)
Poor leaderships meant that those involved in both expeditions had little directions or purpose
May explain the subsequent decision to abandon the first colony in 1586 as well as the fact that the second colony was found abandoned in 1590
How did the Native American attack lead to the failure of the colony
In 1586 angered by the diseases they had brought Algonquian Chaief Winginia led an attack on the colonists
Öfter Indian tribes suspicious of the English and angered by demands for food also attacked between 1585 and 86
How did Native American attack lead to failure of Virginia colony (2)
Winginias attack was beaten off but led to a crisis within the first expedition forcing the colonists to abandon Roanoke
Possible a second expedition was wiped out by an Indian attack led by Chief Powhatan
Alternatively an attack may have led to some of the settlers becoming slaves or being assimilated into local Indian tribes
What was the significance of the attempted colonisation of Virginia
The colony was a failure but it did serve as a template for future settlements including that at Jamestown in 1607
By the end of the 17th century 13 colonies each with their own system of government had been established along the Eastern seaboard of the new world
