Raine - section A

Question 1

What are the 3 components to this question?

Answer 1

1. Theory
2. Describe
3. Finding

Question 2

What do you do in the theory section?

Answer 2

Define physiological explanations and how this could explain criminal behaviour - supported with relevant evidence

Question 3

What do you do in the describe section?

Answer 3

Describe the study briefly so it is clear what the procedure was and who the sample was

Question 4

What do you do in the findings sections?

Answer 4

State a finding and suggest what this says about criminal behaviour (& link back to topic) then repeat 2 times (2 findings)

Question 5

What are the two types of physiological explanations?

Answer 5

1. Brain dysfunction
2. Genetics

Question 6

What is the definition of the two physiological explanations and how do they link to criminal behaviour?

Answer 6

1. Brain dysfunction = brain structures PREFRONTAL CORTEX = controls impulses and self control - under active in criminals (Raine backs up - NGRI less activity)
2. Genetics = Warrior gene (MAOA) = related to aggressive and violent behaviour in maternal line - risk factor for criminal behaviour

Question 7

What is the sample for Raine?

Answer 7

41 murderers (NGRI) & 41 non-murderers (controls)

Question 8

What is the procedure for Raine?

Answer 8

1. CPT (continuous performance task) = 32 mins long - detection of target signals
2. PET scan = brain activity through glucose injection (FDG injection) - 10 pics

Question 9

What is are the key findings and their application?

Answer 9

1. finding = reduced activity in the pre-frontal regions such as the pre-frontal cortex
   application = decreased activity suggests there is a physiological explanations (brain dysfunction) - explains why criminals have less self control and are more impulsive
2. abnormal symmetries - less activity in the left side and more activity in the right side of the amygdala
   application = indicate that criminals have a lack of fear