Raine et al

Question 1

Aim

Answer 1

To identify areas of brain dysfunction in murder NGRIs

Question 2

PPs

Answer 2

41 murderers 39 men vs 2 women

Question 3

Method

Answer 3

Injected with tracer (fluorodeoxyglucose) 30 minutes continuous target shooting task then PET scans to compare murderers with controls

Question 4

Findings

Answer 4

Reduced glucose metabolism in prefrontal cortex

Abnormally high activity in the amygdala, thalamus and limbic system

Question 5

+ve Reliability

Answer 5

Objectivity and reliability of PET scans

Standardized procedures of set target shooting task

Question 6

-ve generalizability

Answer 6

Can’t be applied to females, androcentric bias
Fairly unusual, extreme offences. The NGRIs don’t remember the crime therefore not applicable;e to less violent or ‘typical’ planning murderers.

Question 7

+ve Applicability

Answer 7

Could help with their case.

Brain deficits can be monitored and crime prevented. Intervention for kids, drug programs at school and monitoring.

Question 8

-ve Validity

Answer 8

Low ecological validity and mundane realism due to the lab and the target shooting task

Question 9

Conclusion -ve

Answer 9

Social control, could lead to screenings before job interviews or with insurance companies