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Recent American History > RAH Exam 3 > Flashcards

RAH Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

a series of coordinated attacks on September 11, 2001, in which Al Qaeda operatives hijacked four planes, destroyed the World Trade towers in New York, damaged the Pentagon outside Washington, and caused the death of all aboard Inited Flight 93, altogether killing 3,000 people.

A

9/11 Attacks

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2
Q

post 9/11campaign against the Taliban in Afghanistan who were believed to aid Al Qaeda and harbor Osama bin Laden.

A

Afghan war

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3
Q

statement of shared aims issued by America and Britain in August 1941: the two nations called for a new world order based self-determination, economic cooperation, and anti-militarism

A

Atlantic Charter

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4
Q

a set of economic-political systems describing themselves as socialist and rejecting the liberal-democratic concepts of multi-party politics, freedom of assembly, habeas corpus and freedom of expression, either due to fear of the counter-revolution or as a means to socialist ends.

A

Authoritarian communism

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5
Q

in April 1992 war broke out between Bosnia’s Muslims and Croats, who were on one side, and Bosnian Serbs.

A

Balkan Crisis

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6
Q

the longest continuous military campaign of World War II, running from 1939 until the defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945, though it reached its peak from mid-1940 through the end of 1943.

A

Battle for the North Atlantic

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7
Q

the last major battle on the West Front during WW2, as the Germans were finally stopped at Bastogne.

A

Battle of Bulge

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8
Q

built by the German Democratic Republic during the Cold War to prevent its population from escaping Soviet-controlled East Berlin to West Berlin

A

Berlin Wall

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9
Q

the cooperation of several countries in an alliance to strengthen the security of each.

A

collective security

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10
Q

the Cold War strategy that caked for preventing the spread of communism, by force or by other means

A

containment

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11
Q

a thirteen-day standoff between the USSR and the United States over soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba that ended with the Kennedy- Khrushchev Pact

A

cuban missile crisis

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12
Q

a type of political and economic system characterised by resource allocation according to both marginal productivity and social need, as determined by decisions reached through democratic politics.

A

democratic capitalism

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13
Q

include various forms of trade barriers, tariffs, and restrictions on financial transactions

A

economic sanctions

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14
Q

an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress.

A

empire

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15
Q

the mass expulsion or killing of members of an unwanted ethnic or religious group in a society.

A

ethnic cleansing

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16
Q

also known as Germany first, was the key element of the grand strategy agreed upon by the United States and the United Kingdom during the war

A

Europe First

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17
Q

led the United States to suspend diplomatic ties with the PRC for decades

A

Fall of China (1949)

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18
Q

Diplomacy shall be open to the world. International seas shall be free to navigate during peace and war. There shall be free trade between the countries who accept the peace. There shall be a worldwide reduction in weapons and armies by all countries.

A

fourteen points

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19
Q

the deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group

A

genocide

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20
Q

act of congress in 1964 that gave President Jonson the authority to escalate the conflict based on questionable accounts of attacks made on American ships by the North Vietnamese

A

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

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21
Q

an armed campaign waged by a 35-country military coalition in response to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.

A

Gulf War 1991-2003

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22
Q

Japanese site of the first detonation of an atomic bomb against an enemy nation, dropped by the United States 1945

A

Hirshima

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23
Q

protects our country’s borders and manages the flow of people and products into and out of the United States

A

homeland security

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24
Q

assistance that’s used to relieve suffering during emergency situations

A

humanitarian relief

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25
Q

On November 4, 1979, 52 United States diplomats and citizens were held hostage after a group of militarized Iranian college students belonging to the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam’s Line, who supported the Iranian Revolution, took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and took them as hostages.

A

iran hostage crisis

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25
Q

On November 4, 1979, 52 United States diplomats and citizens were held hostage after a group of militarized Iranian college students belonging to the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam’s Line, who supported the Iranian Revolution, took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and took them as hostages.

A

iran hostage crisis

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26
Q

a strategy targeted key islands and atolls to capture and equip with airstrips, bringing B-29 bombers within range of the enemy homeland, while hopping over strongly defended islands, cutting off supply lanes and leaving them to wither

A

Island hopping

27
Q

a foreign policy that avoids forging alliances or lending support to the other nations, especially in war time

A

isolationism

28
Q

World War II conflict between the United States and the Empire of Japan. The United States mounted an amphibious invasion of the island as part of its Pacific campaign against Japan.

A

battle of Iwo Jima

29
Q

began on June 25, 1950, when the Northern Korean People’s Army invaded South Korea in a coordinated general attack at several strategic points

A

Korean War

30
Q

the organization president Woodrow Willson hoped would implement the principles of the fourteen points after the First World War: it ultimately came into being without the United States as a member

A

League of Nations

31
Q

a system that allowed Franklin Roosevelt’s administration to lease arms to the British without explicitly violating the neutrality acts

A

lend-lease

32
Q

the British passenger liner sunk by Germany in May 1915, killing almost 1,200 people, inclusions 128 Americans

A

Lusitania

33
Q

American program after world war 2 meaning to spare economic recovery in broader alliances between the continent and the United States; eventually channeled $13 billion into the economies of sixteen participating countries

A

Marshall Plan

34
Q

World War II naval battle, fought almost entirely with aircraft, in which the United States destroyed Japan’s first-line carrier strength and most of its best trained naval pilots.

A

Battle of Midway

35
Q

a soviet leader who initiated broad economic reforms, government restructuring, and changes in military policy including a reduced soviet presence in Eastern Europe, and who resigned when the Soviet Union ceased to exist

A

Mikhail Gorbachev

36
Q

guarantee the freedom and security of its members through political and military means

A

NATO

37
Q

American expansionism beginning with the Spanish American War in 1898

A

New Manifest Destiny

38
Q

a conspiracy theory which hypothesizes a secretly emerging totalitarian world government

A

New World Order

39
Q

brought together the land, air and sea forces of the allied armies in what became known as the largest invasion force in human history

A

Normandy Invasion

40
Q

in World War II, series of battles for control of North Africa

A

North African Campaign

41
Q

investigated the financial and banking interests that underlay the United States’ involvement in World War I and the operations and profits of the industrial and commercial firms supplying munitions to the Allies and to the United States

A

nye committee

42
Q

fierce battle in the pacific on an island 370 miles south of Japan; saw the use of kamikaze lanes and the loss over 100,000 Japanese troops

A

Okinawa

43
Q

American naval base in Hawaii and headquarters of the pacific fleet; attacked by Japanese on December 7, 1941

A

Pearl Harbor

44
Q

war between the United States and Filipino revolutionaries from 1899 to 1902, an insurrection that may be seen as a continuation of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule.

A

Philippine War

45
Q

part of the Spanish empire from 1508 until 1898, when it fell under the control of the United States; became an American territory in 1917

A

Puerto Rico

46
Q

elped to bring about World War II

A

Punitive Peace

47
Q

president Regan’s policy to combat communism by supporting anticommunist regimes and revolutionaries with money and military aid

A

Regan Doctrine

48
Q

During the 1994 Rwandan genocide, also known as the genocide against the Tutsi, members of the Hutu ethnic majority in the east-central African nation of Rwanda murdered as many as 800,000 people

A

Rwandan Crisis

49
Q

Iraqi leader whose invasion of Kuwait led to the first gulf war; deposed by the noted states in the second gulf war

A

Saddam Hussein

50
Q

The invasion began on 20 March 2003, with the U.S., joined by the United Kingdom and several coalition allies, launching a war with a bombing campaign characterized by General Schwarzkopf as a “shock and awe.” Iraqi forces were quickly overwhelmed as U.S. forces swept through the country.

A

Second Gulf War

51
Q

a series of Allied beach landings and land battles from Sicily and southern Italy up the Italian mainland toward Nazi Germany.

A

Sicilian and Italian Campaigns

52
Q

the ability of a country to persuade others to do what it wants without force or coercion

A

soft power

53
Q

one of the most challenging mass displacement situations in the world. Over the last 30 years, hundreds of thousands of people have fled Somalia due to political instability and a dangerous civil war that broke out in the 1990s.

A

Somalian Crisis

54
Q

approach to aerial bombardment designed to destroy a country’s ability to wage war by demoralizing civilians and targeting features of an enemy’s infrastructure—such as factories, railways, and refineries—that are essential for the production and supply of war materials

A

strategic bombing

55
Q

president Regan’s missile defense plan, which included ground and space-based antimissile defense weapons

A

Strategic Defense Initiative

56
Q

making it illegal for Americans to sell or transport arms, or other war materials to belligerent nations

A

neutrality act

57
Q

one of the most controversial armistice treaties in history. The treaty’s so-called “war guilt” clause forced Germany and other Central Powers to take all the blame for World War I

A

treaty of versailles

58
Q

a common form of fighting in the First World War, whereby armies sought over below ground from artillery bombardment, machine guns, and other military technologies

A

trench warfare

59
Q

an international organization, established in the peace talks after world war 2, that contained a general assembly and security council of the five major powers

A

United Nations

60
Q

Germany declared the area around the British Isles a war zone, in which all merchant ships, including those from neutral countries, would be attacked by the German navy

A

unrestricted submarine warfare

61
Q

a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States

A

Vietnam war

62
Q

an ongoing international counterterrorism military campaign initiated by the United States following the September 11 attacks

A

war on terror

63
Q

President Woodrow Wilson’s policy of strict and impartial neutrality

A

Wilson and neutrality

64
Q

sensationalist reporting, particularly in newspapers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, so named for the color of a character in one of the papers’ comic strips

A

yellow press

65
Q

the communication intercepted in early 1917 from the German forge in secretary to the German ambassador in Mexico outlining a deal to draw the Mexicans into the war against the United States

A

Zimmerman Telegram

Recent American History (3 decks)

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