radiology positions upper body Flashcards
SID
source image distance
type of film
8 x 10
CR
central ray
TFD
target film distance
FFD
focal film distance
PA of fingers
beam enters posterior part exits anterior
what is the KVP, mA, and seconds, of PA of fingers
44, 100, .05
What is the lateral of fingers
forearm on table, hand resting on ulnar side, extend finger being xrayed while flexing remaining fingers
What is the Kvp, mA, sec of lateral of finger
46, 100, 0.05
Oblique of finger
hand in lateral position, extend fingers, roll hand towards cassette to 45 degree angle, radiolucent sponge,
what is the Kvp, mA, sec for oblique finger
46, 100, 0.05
what is the position of the thumb PA
forearm on table, hand in lateral position, rest thumb on sponge radiolucent, with palmar face down.
what is the lateral position for thumb
forearm on table with hand palm down, and slightly pronated, thumb at 90 degrees to cassette
what is the Kvp, mA and sec for lateral thumb
44, 100, .05
What is the position for the oblique thumb?
forearm on unexposed portion of the cassette with the hand resting palm down extend fingers and thumb
what is the kvp, ma, and sec for the oblique thumb?
44, 100, 0.05
what is the hand PA position
forearm on table with palm of hand resting on cassette, spread fingers slightly
what is the Kvp, mA and sec of the hand?
44, 100, 0.05
What is the position for the lateral hand?
forearm on table with hand in a lateral position, fingers extended, and at 90 degrees to cassette
What is the position of the hand in oblique?
hand in lateral then slightly flex fingers and pronate the hand so that the fingertips touch the cassette, do not super impose fingers
What is the AP( anteroposterior lordotic chest position?
pt in upright position with the midsagittal plane centered to the center of the film,
feet forward 14inches, while shoulders against film support, facing the tube, flex knees and arch lumbar area until the coronal plane forms a 45 angle with film, backs of hands on hips behind them, rotate shoulders and elbows forward, adjust CR n Cassette so it’s horizontal through a point 5 inches below the shoulders, breathe in breathe out breathe in hold.
what is the AP chest used to detect
used to detect liquid in the middle of lungs
what is the frontal projection with lateral decubitus used for?
used to detect liquid in the pleural cavity
frontal projection with lateral decubitus
place pt in lateral right or left recumbent position on table, place marker above shoulder on cassette with tape
place film so that it is in front of the pt with the length of the cassette parallel with the median plane of the body
the requires neither the upright film support nor the bucky tray
flex knees, hips and shoulders perpendicular to table
place pt lower arm under head for support
place pt upper arm around cassette
place pt hand on top of the cassette to help support it
adjust the CR and cassette so that the CR is directed horizontally through the middle of the patients back
full inspiration
What is the Kvp mA and Sec for the wrist?
44, 100, 0.05
Anatomy of the wrist/.
distal radius and ulna, carpals and metacarpals
what is the largest bone i nthe wrist
capitate, and is located in the center of the wrist and articulates with seven other bones
What is the position of the PA of the wrist?
forearm on the table with hand palm down anterior portion of wrist resting on cassette, make fist, with wrist closer to cassette
What is the position of posterior oblique of scapula
position in erect position, side of scapula to be examined is against table or upright film support, pt raise arm above and rest hand on head, roll pt slightly toward table until scapula is no longer superimposed over the ribs place pt, opposite arm alongside the body, instruct pt. stop breathing during exposure
What kind of breathing is done during a posterior oblique scapula?
none, no breathing
what is the AP scapula position
the Chinese sword position, patient in supine position, with arm so that it makes a 90 degree angle with the body, elbow flexed upward, hand supinated and lying on table, in expiration
what is the Kvp mA and seconds for the posterior oblique scapula
64, 200, 0.20
what is the Kvp mA and seconds for the ap scapula?
62, 200 0.20
What is the position for the AP clavicle?
pt in supine position, head away from the side to be xrayed, film in bucky, CR through the middle of the clavicle, cassette 10x12
What is the Kvp mA and seconds for the AP clavicle?
62, 200, 0.20
what is the type of breathing used for the AP clavicle xray?
expiration
what is the type of breathing used for the AP scapula
expiraton
what is the type of breathing used for the AP shoulder?
expiration
What is the position of the body for the AP shoulder with internal rotation?
body in supine position, pt removes clothing, place marker, place film in bucky, CR perpendicular to table and centered to long acis of table, Cr through middle of shoulder hand pronated , arm on table, pt holds breath at end of expiration
what size cassette is used for the shoulder?
11x14
what is the Kvp mA and sec of the AP shoulder
60, 200, 0.20`
What is the AP shoulder position with external rotation?
body in supine position, pt removes clothes, CR through middle of shoulder hand in supination extend elbow arm on table
What is the position for the AP humerus xray
lay pt in supine position on table, CR perpendicular to cassette and through the middle of the humerus, have pt raise opposite shoulder slightl in orer to bring shoudler xrayed closer to cassette
what is the Kvp, mA and seconds for the AP humerus?
54, 100, 0.10
What is the breathing during the AP humerus?
to hold breath during actual exposure, inspiration
what is the lateral humerus position?
move humerus slightly away from the body, flex elbow slightly, place hand palm down pronated so it rests n pts’ hip, place pt humerus as close to table as poss. using sponge if needed to left opposite side, pt is in inspiration through out the xray
What is the position of the oblique elbow?
extend elbow and place wrist and hand in EXTREME supination, humerus as close to table as poss. hand, wrist, elbow 45 degree with cassette
what is the Kvp, mA and seconds for the oblique elbow?
48, 100, 0.05
What is the position for the lateral elbow?
flex elbow at 90 degrees, place wrist and hand in lateral position so humeral epicondyles are superimposed, with humerus as close to table as possible, hand, wrist, and forearm should be at a 90 degrees to cassette
What is the Kvp, mA and seconds for the lateral elbow?
50, 100, 0.05
what is the AP elbow position
forearm on table, with hand in supination, palm up, extend elbow anterior surface of elbow should be parallel w cassette
what is the Kvp mA and seconds for the AP elbow?
48, 100, 0.05
What is the lateral forearm position?
flex elbow 90 degrees, place wrist and hand in lateral position, place patient humerus as close to table as poss, elbow, wrist and forearm, 90 to cassette
what is the kvp ma and sec for the lateral forearm
48, 100, 0.05
What is the AP forearm position
beam enters anterior part of body and exits from posterior, forearm on table w palm of hand facing up elbow extended anterior surface of forearm parallel with cassette and both joints on film
what is the kvp ma and secons for ap forearm
46, 100, .05
what is the position for the oblique wrist
wrist in a lateral position and then roll the wrist toward cassette wrist should make a angle of 45 degrees with cassette= pronated
what is the Kvp ma and sec for the wrist
44, 100, 0.05
what is the position for the PA wrist
forearm on table with hand palm down anterior portion of wrist resting on cassette have pt make a fist in a position that will place the wrist closer to the cassette
what is the position for the PA chest Xray
place pt so that his or her body weight is equally distributed and the chin is resting in the chin rest on the upright film support roll pt shoulders forward until they are in close contact with the upright film support and the scapulae are removed from the lung region
place back of pt’s hands on his or her hips roll arms towards film support, adust CR and film support so that CR enters at the middle of the fourth thoracic vertebra
What type of breathing is used for PA chest xray?
full inspiration
What is the kvp ma and seconds for the PA chest xray?
110 +6, 400, .015
What is the position for the Lateral chest xray?
pt in upright position with left side against film support unless the right lateral is requested by the doctor
pt with head facing straight ahead
raise both arms above their head, and flew their elbows, and have both arms resting on the pt head
pt as close as possible to film support
midsaggital plane should be parallel to the film
what is the Kvp mA and seconds for lateral chest xray
120, 400, 0.035
what is the position for chest obliques? RPO
pt at a 45 degree angle to the film support with the anterior of the the right side in contact with the film support full inspiration
what is the kvp ma and seconds for the chest obliques
110+6, 400, 0.015
Procedure of xray of toes
patient take off shoes and socks, and pt on table supine and cr through third proximal interphalangeal joint of toes
AP projection of toes
brace cassette at toe end so it doesnt slip during procedure
flex pt knee on leg xrayed, bottom of cassette , hand clasped around knee to help immobilize foot
10x12 cassette
what is the Kvp, mA and sec for AP projection of toes
40, 100, 0.05
Oblique toes
same as AP, roll pt leg medially, with the big toe against the cassette so that a 30 degree angle is formed with the table
Oblique toes Kvp, mA and sec/
42, 100, 0.05
dorsoplantar of foot
same as ap of foot, pt supine, hands clasped around knee, bottom of foot on cassette
what is the angle for the dorsoplantar of foot
CR is at 15 degrees cephalad to minimize the super imposition of the bones.
Lateral foot
roll pt leg laterally, and place the small toe against the cassette foot forms a 90 degree angle with the table
what is the kVp mA and seconds of the dorsoplantar of the foot
46,100, 0.05
What is the Kvp, mA and seconds of the lateral foot?
48, 100, 0.05
Oblique foot
roll pt leg medially, place big toe against film cassette so that a 30 degree angle is formed with the table
what is the kvp, mA and seconds of the oblique foot?
48, 100, 0.05
Ap of ankle
place knee of pt affected side in full extension, flex pt ankle slightly, place foot so that toes point up and the bottom of the foot plantar surface is perpendicular to the cassette rotate foot and ankle 10 degrees medially,
With AP ankle how can you detect the presence of a torn ligament,?
Xrays are done with the ankle in an AP position of the foot is forcibly turned (stressed) toward both sides (inversion and eversion)
Lateral ankle
roll pt leg laterally, with outside lateral maleolus of the ankle against cassette place foor so that it forms a 90 degree angle with leg
what is the Kvp, mA, and seconds of the AP of ankle?
50, 100, 0.10
what is the kvp mA and seconds of the lateral ankle?
48, 100, 0.10
oblique ankle
roll pt leg medially with the ankle forming a 45 degree angle with the table inversion, gives a direct vision of the internal malleolus can also do with eversion
what is the Kvo, mA, and seconds of the oblique ankle
50, 100, 0.10
body position for the lower leg xrays
pt in supine position, remove socks, shoes, pants, CR perpendicular to cassette and through middle of tibia and fibula p
AP lower leg
place knee pt affected side in full extension, place lateral epicondyle and medial epicondyle, prominent bony parts on each side of femur so that a line drawn through them would be parallel to the table, flex pt ankle slightly, place foot so that toes point up and the bottom plantar surface is perpendicular to cassette, and cassette is 24x17
lateral of lower leg
place pt so that the side being examined is next to the table( lateral recumbent) flex the knee slightly so that the femur and lower leg form a angle of approximately 45 degree
roll pt leg laterally and place outside lateral malleolus of ankle against the cassette
place the foot so that it forms a 90 degree angle with the leg, cross the opposite leg over the side being examined and out of the way, make sure that the knee cap patella is perpendicular to the table top
lateral of lower leg kvp, mA and seconds?
50, 100, 0.10
AP of knee
pt on table in supine position, CR perpendicular to cassette unless otherwise specified in the specific steps for the desired projection, CR through knee joint may be done with cassette on table top or within the bucky tray leg in full extension lateral and medial epicondyle placed so that a line through would be parallel to table, CR is angle at 5 degrees cephalad, place foot toes pointing up and plantar surface perpendicular to cassette
the kvp mA and seconds of Ap of knee?
50, 100, 0.10
Lateral of knee
best to see space between patella and femur pt in lateral recumbent position, flex knee so that the femur and lower leg form an angle of approximately 45 degrees, cross opposite leg over the side being examined and out of the way, make sure that the knee cap(patella) is perpendicular to the table top,
the kvp mA and seconds of the lateral of knee
50, 100, 0.10
medial internal oblique knee
follow preparation procedure for the knee xray, roll pt leg medially so that the knee and the foot form a 45 degree angle with the table top, elevate the hip on the side being examined and place a radiolucent sponge under hip
the kvp mA and seconds of the medial internal oblique knee?
50, 100, 0.10
lateral external oblique knee
start as knee, roll pt leg externally so that the knee and the foot form a 45 degree angle with the table top, elevate hip on side not being examined and place sponge under hip
femur prep
pt on table in supine position, place film in bucky tray, Direct cr through middle of femur,
AP femur
extend pt leg fully place lateral and medial epicondyle on each side of the femur so that a line drawn through them would be parallel to the table keep the femur parallel with the film by placing pt hips so that they are lying perfectly flat on the table invert foot approximately 15 degree
the kvp mA and seconds of the AP femur
76, 200, 0.20
lateral (mediolateral) of femur
place pt in lateral recumbent position so that the lateral surface of femur is resting on the table and is centered to the middle of the table, flex knee slightly, cross opposite leg over side being examined and out of the way, make sure patella is perpendicular to the table top
what is the kvp mA and seconds of the mediolateral of femur
86, 200, .20
