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radiology quiz on positions > microlabfin. > Flashcards

microlabfin. Flashcards

1
Q

fast acid stain

A

a stain for bacteria with waxy cell walls

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2
Q

gram stain

A

a stain that differentiates bacteria chemical composition cell wall types

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3
Q

agar

A

A gelatin-like substance derived from seaweed that gives a culture medium its semisolid consistency.

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4
Q

aerobe

A

bacteria that grows best in the presence of oxygen

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5
Q

bacillus

A

rod shaped bacteria

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6
Q

coccus

A

spherical, round, ovoid shaped bacteria

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7
Q

spirillium

A

spiral shaped bacteria

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8
Q

colony

A

distinct group of microorganisim visible to the naked eye, on the surface of a culture medium

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9
Q

culture

A

to place a sample of specimen in or on a substance that allows it to grow so that the particular micro organism can be identified

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10
Q

culture and sensitivity

A

to culture a specimen and testing the isolated bacteria’s sensitivity to different antibiotics to determine which one would be best suited for treatment of infection

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11
Q

etiologic agent

A

a living microorganism or its toxin that may harm the human

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12
Q

facultative

A

able to grow and adapt in environments with or without oxygen,

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13
Q

gram-negative

A

when a bacteria loses the purple color after a decolorizer is added to the gram stain

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14
Q

gram positive

A

when bacteria remains purple after hte decolorizer has been added to the gram stain

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15
Q

KOH mount

A

mount used when Dr. suspects a fungal infection of the hair, skin, or nails, and ti which potassium hydroxide is added to dissolve the cell wall

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16
Q

mordant

A

a substance, such as iodine that intensifies or deepens the response a specimen has to a stain

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17
Q

stain

A

in microbiology a solution of a dye or group of dyes the imparts a color to an microorganism

18
Q

vibrio

A

a comma shaped bacterium

19
Q

wet mount

A

the prepping of a specimen in a liquid solution that allows them to remain alive and mobile while being observed and identified

20
Q

Microbiology

A

is the study of microorganisms

21
Q

prions

A

are pathogenic particles of protein that have no nucleic acid and are very small

22
Q

viruses

A

are RNA or DNA coated in protein and are very small, and repoduce in living cells, and are acellular

23
Q

Bacteria

A

are single celled, asexual and reproduce very quickly, prokaryotes

24
Q

protozoans

A

are single celled asexual and reproduce fast, eukaryotes

25
Q

fungi

A

reproduce sexually and asexually, and are multicellular

26
Q

helminths

A

multicellular, parasitic and has specialized organs

27
Q

helper T cells

A

wbc that are key components in the immune system response and coordinate with other WBC to combat infection

28
Q

progression of AIDS

A

initial infection,
incubation period
full blown aids

29
Q

AIDS threshold

A

200 or fewer helper t cells

30
Q

Confirmation blood tests for AIDS

A

enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA()
western blot test
immunoflourescent antibody test (IFA)

31
Q

what are the treatment goals for AIDS patients?

A

increasing the time between infection and symptomatic disease(aids)
improving the quality of life for those diagnosed with AIDS
Reducing transmission of HIV to uninfected persons
Reducing maternal-infant transmission
Reducing the number of HIV-related deaths

32
Q

HIV/AIDS treatment is limited during pregnancy to how many ART druggs

A

1 drug

33
Q

starting therapy is immediate if the PT HAS

A

a cd4 t cell count of 200 or less, and severe symptoms (aids diagnosis)

34
Q

hepatitis

A

is a viral infection of the liver, that can lead to cirrhosis and death

35
Q

Hepatitis A

A

is contagious through oral and fecal contamination, and is has a recovery rate of 99 %

36
Q

Hepatitis B

A

has a vaccine is the most commonly contracted for healthcare workers, and it can leave cirrhosis and can lead to liver cancer, or death, it can be cured but some people will have the pathogen for the rest of their lives, and prevention is key

37
Q

Hepatitis C

A

is not cureable, and is very most lethal, it has no symptoms until it begans replicating a lot and causes serious damage to the liver, and can kill. its immediate symptoms are flu-like, but there is no real effective treatment

38
Q

hepatitis D

A

occurs in people already infected with HBV and worsens the HBV symptoms, and can cause liver failure or cancer, HBV vaccine also prevents delta agent hep.

39
Q

hepatitis E

A

contracted through fecal oral route, so contaminated water supply is a problem, it is an acute infection, that can kill pregnant women

40
Q

stages of hepatitis B and C?

A

prodromal stage - malaise, and vomiting, nausea or no symptoms
icteric stage- jaundice and yellow excretions through the eyes, nose, mucous,
convalescent stage- occurs for 2/3 weeks as the acute infection abates

radiology quiz on positions (2 decks)

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