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ENT > Radiology > Flashcards

Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

T1 hyperintense CPA mass

A

Cholesterol granuloma
Lipoma

Schwannoma and meningioma enhance but not T1 hyperintense at baseline. Cholesterol granuloma is without enhancement.

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2
Q

Where are thyroglossal duct cysts found?

A

Embedded in the strap muscles
50% at hyoid
25% above hyoid
25% below hyoid

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3
Q

What is seen on MRI for shwannoma?

A

High T2
Intermediate T1
Enhancing

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4
Q

Significance of Haller & Agger nasi cells

A

Haller can obstruct maxillary ostomy

Agger nasi can obstruct frontoethmoidal recess

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5
Q

What are the corresponding ducts to the major salivary glands?

A 
Parotid = Stenson's
Submandibular = Wharton's
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6
Q

Which salivary glad is more likely to have a sialolith?

A

Submandibular (85%; drains uphill)

Parotid has 15%

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7
Q

What are the metastatic adenopathy qualitative criteria?

A

Spherical shape
Loss of central fatty hilum
Central hypodensity (necrosis)

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8
Q

What are the size criteria for metastatic LAD?

A

> 8mm for retropharyngeal nodes
10mm most nodes
15mm for submental, submandibular, and jugulodigastric

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9
Q

Where are dermoids typically located?

A

Submental
Submaxillary
Nasal

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10
Q

What are the three types of LeFort fractures?

A

Le Fort 1 is a floating palate
Le Fort 2 is a floating maxilla
Le Fort 3 is a floating face (craniofacial dissociation)

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11
Q

Fractures causing a LeFort I

A

Extend from inferolateral pyriform aperture to pterygoid plates (below zygoma)

Horizontal fracture line

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12
Q

Fractures causing a LeFort II

A

Nasal bones through orbital floor & anterior maxillary sinus, under the zygoma & through pterygoid plates

Pyramidal fracture line

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13
Q

Fractures causing a LeFort III

A

Nasal bones, medial orbit, orbital floor, lateral orbit, zygoma, and pterygoid plates

Transverse fracture line

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14
Q

What type of LeFort fracture is most common?

A

Type II > Type I > Type III

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15
Q

What causes silent sinus syndrome

A

Chronic maxillary sinusitis, bony thinning, suction on maxillary wall

All leads to collapse of the maxillary sinus with lateralized uncinate & expanded middle turbinate. Usually opacified.

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16
Q

How do schwannomas appear on imaging?

A

T2 hyperintense

Strongly enhancing

17
Q

Symptoms of proteus syndrome

A

Hamartomatous overgrowth of bones, skin, lymphatics, vessels. Elephant man. Can often be seen on frontal/parietal bones.

Death often occurs by VTE from vascular malformations

18
Q

What neoplasms are seen with NF2?

A 
Schwannomas (b/l acoustic neuromas)
Meningiomas
Ependymomas
Gliomas
Neurofibromas
19
Q

What syndromes are cystic hygroma seen with?

A

Turner syndrome

Noonan syndrome

ENT (10 decks)

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