Radiology

Question 1

Pneumothorax aetiology?

Answer 1

1- 80% young tall men- rupture of apical bleb

2- 20%- to asthma, copd, infection, malignancy, trauma, iatrogenic

Question 2

Treatment pathway for pneumothorax?

Answer 2

1-air rim>2cm requires aspiration + chest drain. Watch for lung rexpansion and refer to resp then cardiothoracic if it does not

2- aspiration if air rim < 2cm and no red flags
Chest drain if >2cm or >50, breathless

Question 3

Causes of transudate vs exudate

Answer 3

Transudate caused by failure- liver, heart, kidney

Exudate- caused by malignancy, infection, trauma, pe

Question 4

Rigler’s triad

Answer 4

> 25% of intestinal obstruction in >65 yo

SBO
Pneumobillia
Ectopic gallstone

Question 5

Splenic injury grades

Answer 5

1-3 non op
4-5 op

1 laceration < 1 cm, haematoma <25%
2 1-3cm, 25-50%
3 >3cm >50%
4 hilar involvement
5 shattered spleen

Question 6

Subarachnoid haemorrhage aetiology

Answer 6

Congenital- adpckd
Acquired aneurysm- trauma, infection, htn
AVMs
Anticoags
Cancer