Radiology Flashcards
Which is the first line imaging modality for acute cholecystitis?
ultrasound
What are typical findings of gallstones on ultrasound?
gallbladder wall thickening
posterior shadowing
pericholecystic fluid
Dilatation
Which is the confirmational imaging modality for stones?
MRCP
What are the indications for CT in cholecystitis?
gallbladder perforation, abscess, enteric fistula
What are the indications for MRCP?
suspicion of obstructing ductal lesion not demonstrate on US or CT
Why is MRCP requiested prior to ERCP?
to avoid unnecessary intervention due to risk of post ERCP pancreatitis, stones might pass by themselves
What is a sentinel loop?
short segment of adynamic ileus close to an intra-abdominal inflammatory process. It can help to localise a source e.g. acute pancreatitis
What are the two forms of acute pancreatitis?
oedmatous/interstitial
necrotising pancreatitis
Which imaging modality is used in acute pancreatitis?
CT
Which CT changes are observed in acute interstitial pancreatitis?
fluid collections peri-pancreatic, psudocyst
Which CT changes are seen in necrotising pancreatitis?
necrotic collection
Which sign on CT suggests infection in necrotising pancreatitis?
gas within necrotic collection
What is the cut off for gallbladder wall thickening on US?
3mm
What is the gold standard for assessing a distal obstructing CBD calculus?
MRCP
Name two causes of CBD dilatation?
distal obstructing stone and previous cholecystectomy
