Radiology Flashcards
What are the two types of intracranial haemorrhage?
Intra-axial (brain parenchyma) and extra-axial
List four type of extra-axial haemorrhage
extradural, subdural, subarachnoid haemorrhage, intraventricular haemorrhage
How would you describe white/bright lesion on CT?
hyperdense
What are signs of raised ICP?
headache, vomiting, reduced GCS, fever
Which artery is associated with extradural haemorrhage?
middle meningeal artery (pterion skull fracture)
In which intracranial haemorrhage does a lucid period occur?
extradural haemorrhage
What is a typical feature on CT of extradural haemorrhage?
concave/lens region of hypodensity, well contained to dura
Which vessels are involved in subdural haemorrhages?
bridging veins
What are the risk factors for subdural haemorrhages?
increasing age, alcohol, anticoagulant use
What is the shape of subdural haemorrhage on CT?
crescent
Why does neck stiffness occur in subarachnoid haemorrhage?
meningeal irritation
Risk factors for SAH?
drugs, alcohol, Fhx, HTN, smoking
What can be found in CSF of SAH patient?
xanthechromia- bilirubin in CSF, indicative of SAH
If an aneurysm of the circle of willis ruptures, which sort of intracranial haemorrhage would you get?
subarachnoid
What is the first line investigation for suspicion of intracranial haemorrhage?
CT brain WITHOUT contrast
