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final equipment operation and quality control > Radiography Review Test 1 > Flashcards

Radiography Review Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of a regulation established by a government body

A

laws

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2
Q

what are generally accepted customs of right living called

A

morals

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3
Q

who established the code of ethics for radiologic technologists

A

ARRT

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4
Q

what do the initials DNR stand for

A

Do Not Resesitate

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5
Q

what are the initials for the law that protects the confidentiality of patients

A

HIPAA

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6
Q

if you choose someone to make medical decisions for you in the event that you are unable to make decisions for yourself that person is known as your

A

healthcare proxy

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7
Q

what is the fastest form of tv camera used in fluoroscopy

A

CCD

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8
Q

the formula for the transformer law for voltage is

A

VS NS
— = —-
VP NP

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9
Q

the amount of scatter radiation vs the amount of good radiation that a grid lets pass is known as grid

A

selectivity

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10
Q

restraining a pt w/out a doctors orders is considered

A

false imprisonment

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11
Q

if you physically force a pt to submit to an exam you may be arrested for

A

battery

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12
Q

the tendency of barium sulfate to clump and come out of suspension is called

A

flocculation

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13
Q

when you are setting up a myelogram and you explain the procedure to a competent pt of legal age. Then you have them sign a document agreeing to the procedure. You are receiving

A

informed consent

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14
Q

what is the difference between medical and surgical asepsis

A

medical-a reduction in the amount of infectious agents

surgical-preventing contamination before during and after surgery using sterile tech

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15
Q

what is the technique that is used to keep objects utilized in certain procedures free from contamination

A

sterile technique

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16
Q

what is the general term used to describe any disease causing organism

A

pathogen

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17
Q

this is an infection resulting from the activities of physicians

A

introgenic

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18
Q

this is an infection originating in the hospital

A

nosocomial

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19
Q

a mosquito that spreads malaria to a human is an example of a

A

vector

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20
Q

what are the 4 things needed to complete the cycle of infection

A

host
infectious microorganism
method of transmission reservoir

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21
Q

if you do not disinfect a cassette after using it on a pt. with a communicable disease that cassette may spread the disease by serving as a

A

fomite

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22
Q

this is the name for the practice of treating every patient as if they were potentially infectious

A

universal procautions/standard procautions

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23
Q

what is the name of the form of precaution which is designed to prevent you from harming pt with suppressed immune systems

A

neutropenic precaution

reverse

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24
Q

at what apps. point is your center of gravity

A

S2

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25
Q

a sudden drop in blood pressure when a person goes from supine to erect is known as

A

orthostatic hypotension

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26
Q

what type of shock does a person go into when having an allergic reaction to contrast media

A

anaphylactic shock

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27
Q

what is urticaria

A

hives

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28
Q

name one side effect a pt may experience upon being injected with contrast media

A

metal taste in mouth

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29
Q

this is the term for a plant of animal that harbors or nourishes another organism

A

host

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30
Q

name a type of positive contrast agent

A

Barium

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31
Q

Is barium a water soluble contrast agent

A

No

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32
Q

what are the 2 catagories of iodinated contrast

A

Ionic and nonionic

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33
Q

what does the word contraindication mean

A

condition that serves as a reason to w/hold medical treatment

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34
Q

what is the term used to describe a sudden swelling at an injection site caused by the contrast leaking out of the vein

A

extravasation

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35
Q

what is the name for the process of the boilingh off of electrons at the filament

A

thermonic emission

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36
Q

what is another name for an electron cloud

A

space charge

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37
Q

what is the normal spinning speed for an anode to reach before an x-ray can be taken

A

3000 RPM’s

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38
Q

what % of the electrons from the cathode are converted into heat upon striking the anode

A

99%

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39
Q

what is the name of the area of the anode that is struck by electrons

A

focal spot

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40
Q

x-ray photons are created at the anode through 2 different interactions. What are the names of those 2 interaction

A

Brems and characteristic

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41
Q

which of these 2 target interactions is most common

A

Brems

42
Q

all interactions in the tube occur w/in _ mm of the surface of the target

A

0.5

43
Q

what is the distance between any 2 successive points on a wave known as

A

wavelength

44
Q

what is the name for the # of waves that pass a particular point in a given time frame

A

frequency

45
Q

what is the max height of the wave known as

A

amplitude

46
Q

are frequency and wavelength directly or inversely proportional

A

inversely

47
Q

what are the 3 prime factors

A

mAs, kV, distance

48
Q

what is the primary controlling factor for the quality of the x-ray beam

A

kV

49
Q

what is the primary controlling factor for the quantity of the x-ray beam

A

mAs

50
Q

what is the formula for the inverse square law

A

I1 (D2)2
— = ——
I2 (D1)2

51
Q

What is the name of the x-ray beam after it exits the tube and before it enters the pt

A

primary beam

52
Q

What is the name of the x-ray beam after it leaves the pt on the way to striking the image receptor

A

exit

53
Q

this is an interaction with matter in which a weak x-ray photon puts an Atom in an excited state and the atom stabilizes itself by releasing a secondary x-ray photon

A

coherent

54
Q

this is an interaction with matter in which an x-ray is absorbed while removing an inner shell electron from an atom. This creates a cascading effect as the atom fills the hole w/an electron from an outer shell. A secondary x-ray photon is released during this interaction

A

PE

55
Q

this is an interaction with matter in which an x-ray photon strikes and removes an outer shell electron. The photon is then knocked in a different direction than its original course

A

compton

56
Q

what are the 2 types of interactions with matter that create noticeable differences on our image

A

compton and PE

57
Q

what are the 2 types of interactions with matter that occur above the diagnostic range

A

Pair production and photodisintegration

58
Q

what is the word used to describe the absorption of some x-rays as the photons pass through matter

A

attenuation

59
Q

which end of the x-ray tube has a negative charge

A

cathode

60
Q

what is the name for a tube that has 2 filaments

A

dual focus tube

61
Q

what i the purpose of having the anode rotate

A

dissapate heat

62
Q

of what 2 materials is the surface of the anode composed

A

tungston-rhenium

63
Q

the range of SIDs at which a focused grid may be used is called its

A

focal range

64
Q

what part of the tube isactually located outside of the glass housing

A

stator

65
Q

spatial resolution in film/screen systems is measured in

A

line pair per mm

66
Q

KVP accuracy used to be measured w/a _ now a _ is used

A

Penetrometer

digital kVp meter

67
Q

what is the preferred tool for measuring focal spot size

A

slit camera

68
Q

what are the 3 principal parts of every x-ray system

A

x-ray tube
operating console
high voltage generator

69
Q

what part of the x-ray circuitry works by self induction

A

autotransformer

70
Q

what is the most common form of exposure timer

A

electronic timers

71
Q

what works on mutual induction and has more coils in its secondary side than on its primary side

A

step up transformer

72
Q

what changes the alternating current to direct current in the x-ray circuit

A

voltage rectifier

73
Q

what% voltage ripple does single phase power have

A

100%

74
Q

what % voltage ripple does a high frequency generator have

A

1%

75
Q

what are the principle disadvantages of an aperture diaphragm

A

focal spot blur

76
Q

what do the initials PBL stand for

A

Primary beam limitation

77
Q

what does PBL do

A

sets the collimator to film size

78
Q

what type of x-ray is a form of dynamic imaging

A

fluoroscopy

79
Q

the ratio of the square of the diameter of the input phosphor to the square of the diameter of the output phosphor is called

A

MINIFICATION gain

80
Q

what is the formula for brightness gain

A

minification gain x flux gain

81
Q

of what is the input phosphor made

A

cesium iodide

82
Q

what part of the image intensifier convers visible light to electrons

A

photocathode

83
Q

what part of the image intensifier foecuses electrons to the output phosphor

A

electrostatic lenses

84
Q

what is the most commonly used tv camera in fluoroscopy

A

vidicon

85
Q

in the x-ray circuit the _ makes adjustments if the incoming voltage from Florida Power is not correct

A

line volt compensator

86
Q

AEC reproducibility should be checked how often

A

semi annually

87
Q

what is the main purpose of a radiographic grid

A

increase the contrast

88
Q

of what material are the radiolucent strips made of a grid

A

alumunium, sometimes fiber

89
Q

a grid should be used whenever the body part being x-rayed exceeds _ cm in thickness

A

10

90
Q

a grid should be used whenever the kV bing used is above

A

60

91
Q

what is defined as the # of lead strips per inch on a grid

A

grid frequency

92
Q

the exposure timer should be accurate to w/in _% of the timer set at the control panel

A

5%

93
Q

what is defined as the ratio of the height of the lead strips to the distance between the lead strips

A

grid ratio

94
Q

the relationship between the actual and effective focal spot is described by the

A

line focus principal

95
Q

which is larger the actual or effective focal spot

A

actual

96
Q

SID indicators must be accurate to w/in _% of the indicated SID

A

2%

97
Q

reproducibility of radiation output from one x-ray to another should not exceed _% intensity change

A

5%

98
Q

the max. acceptable variation in linearity between mA stations is _%

A

10%

99
Q

this device causes the grid under the table to reciprocate

A

potter bucky diaphragm

100
Q

the ratio of light photons at the output phosphor to the # of x-rays at the input phosphor is called

A

flux gain

final equipment operation and quality control (2 decks)

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