Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

filmscreen > radiographic quality > Flashcards

radiographic quality Flashcards

1
Q
  • A window into the human body
  • Formed by the imaging modalities that use various forms of radiation & energy
    to open the body to visualization
A

medical image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  • Refers to the fidelity with which the anatomical structure that is under
    examination is imaged
    on the
    radiograph.
A

Radiographic Quality (Image Quality)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

degree of exactness

A

fidelity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ability to image two separate objects and visually distinguish one from the other.

A

resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

refers to the ability to image small objects that have high subject contrast such as a bone-soft tissue interface, a breast microcalcification, or a calcified lung nodule.

A

spatial resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ability to distinguish anatomical structures of similar subject contrast such as liver-spleen and gray matter-white matter. The actual size of objects that can be imaged is always smaller under conditions of high subject contrast than under conditions of low subject contrast.

A

contrast resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

random fluctuation in the Optical Density of the image.

A

noise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

FOUR COMPONENTS OF RADIOGRAPHIC NOISE:

A

film graininess
structure mottle
quantum mottle
scatter radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • refers to the distribution in size and space of silver halide grains in the emulsion.
  • Always present in radiographic film (exposed)
  • Silver halide crystals
A

Film Graininess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  • is similar to film graininess, however, it refers to the phosphor of the radiographic intensifying screen.
  • Phosphor crystals
A

Structure Mottle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  • is a principal contributor to radiographic noise in man radiographic imaging procedures.
  • refers to the random nature by which
    x-rays interact with the image receptor
  • Principal contributor to radiographic
    noise
A

Quantum Mottle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pocket of energy

A

quanta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  • this is x-ray radiation that interacts with atoms in the patient’s body and is deflected from its original path.
  • Secondary radiation
A

Scatter Radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  • refers to the sensitivity of an intensifying screen to X-rays. It essentially reflects how much X-ray radiation is needed to create a bright enough image on the X-ray film.
  • It influences the radiographic resolution
A

SPEED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  • These screens have a higher sensitivity to X-rays.
A

high-speed screens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
  • They require a lower X-ray dose to create a bright enough image on the film. This is crucial to minimize radiation exposure to patients, especially for sensitive individuals or frequent X-ray examinations.
A

high-speed screens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  • These screens have a lower sensitivity to X-rays.
A

low-speed screens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
  • They require a higher X-ray dose to achieve the same image brightness as high-speed screens.
A

low-speed screens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

They often produce sharper images with finer details due to less light scattering within the phosphor layer.

A

low-speed screens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

They may have slightly reduced image sharpness compared to slower screens

A

high-speed screens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

PRINCIPAL FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT RADIOGRAPHIC QUALITY

A

film factors, geographic factors, subject factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Film Factors
(characteristic curve)

A
  • Density
  • Contrast
  • Speed
  • Latitude
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Film factors (Processing)

A
  • Time
  • Temperature
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Geometric Factors

A
  • Distortion
  • Magnification
  • Blur
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Subject Factors
(contrast)

A
  • Thickness
  • Density
  • Atomic number.
  • Motion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

characteristic curve

A

toe region
straight-line region
shoulder region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

initial slowly increasing portion of the curve, the film has a low sensitivity to X-ray exposures, resulting in initial changes in density.

A

toe region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

middle portion of the curve with the steepest slope. This is the ideal exposure range where the film demonstrates a linear relationship between exposure and density, allowing for good contrast in the final film.

A

straight-line region

29
Q

final portion of the curve where the density increases rapidly with minimal further increase in exposure. This portion represents the overexposure of the film, resulting in a loss of detail in the brighter areas of the image.

A

shoulder region

30
Q

Photographic Quality

A
  • Density
  • Contrast
31
Q

Geometric Quality

A
  • Detail
  • Distortion
32
Q
  • Regarded as the general blackening of the radiograph
  • It is also the accumulation of black metallic silver after subsequent processing.
  • It represents how attenuated by the radiation was the anatomical part.
A

radiographic density

33
Q

Five major groups of tissue density

A

aerated tissue
fatty tissue
bone
metal
water

34
Q

● Aerated tissue (filled with air)

A

dark/black

35
Q

● Fatty tissue

A
  • Slightly gray
36
Q

● Water

A
  • Gray
37
Q

bone

A

white

38
Q

metal

A

white

39
Q

measurement of the quantity of radiation absorbed by the intensifying screen, converted to light and transmitted to the film.

A

radiographic density

40
Q
  • difference in density between two structures
  • The presence of _ means that different density levels are visible on the radiograph.
A

radiographic contrast

41
Q

Is the result of attenuation and the differential absorption of tissue.

A

radiographic contrast

42
Q

types of contrast

A

subject contrast/film contrast

43
Q

SUBJECT / TISSUE CONTRAST
(influenced by the ff.)

A
  1. Patient size
  2. Tissue type
  3. Health Status
  4. Attenuation properties of tissue.
44
Q
  • When tissue type is very dense
  • X-rays have a difficult time penetrating.
  • High attenuation rate
A

High differential absorption

45
Q
  • Soft tissue
  • Low attenuation properties.
A

Low differential absorption

46
Q

refers to the number of different densities present on the radiograph

A

scale

47
Q
  • High kVp
  • “Lower-contrast”
  • Preferred in lung
    examinations
A

Long Scale Contrast

48
Q
  • “High-contrast”
  • Low kVp
  • Fewer density
A

Short Scale contrast

49
Q
  • Mixture of black, gray, and white.
A

Moderate Contrast

50
Q
  • refers to the range of material thickness that can be imaged. This means that more areas of different thicknesses will be visible in the image
  • range of exposure techniques that will produce an acceptable image
  • Inversely proportional to contrast
A

latitude

51
Q

determined by the inherent contrast of the film.

A

film latitude

52
Q

film response to variations in exposure.

A

film contrast

53
Q

Refers to the range of exposure factors (mAs/kV) that will produce an acceptable film.

A

exposure latitude

54
Q

wide latitude or low contrast film.

A

high kv

55
Q

narrow latitude or high contrast film.

A

low kv

56
Q
  • It is the actual or visible detail of the part of interest recorded in the film.
  • Refers to how well one can see small structures on the radiograph
A

recorded detail

57
Q

sharpness of detail

A

definition

58
Q

play a significant role in determining the quality of a radiographic image.
They influence factors like magnification, distortion, and sharpness, all of which can impact the diagnostic value of the image.

A

geometric factors

59
Q

geometric factors

A

• Source-to-Image Receptor Distance (SID)
• Object-to-Image Receptor Distance (OID)
• Angulation
• Collimation
• Focal spot size

60
Q

misinterpretation of size and/or shape of the object

A

distortion

61
Q

two types of distortion

A
  • Size Distortion (Magnification)
  • Shape Distortion (Magnification)
62
Q
  • To reduce magnification, place the object as near the film as possible.
  • Direct magnification
  • Directly proportional to magnification
A

Object-to-Image Receptor (OID)

63
Q

Inversely proportional to magnification

A

Source-to-Image Receptor Distance (SID

64
Q

indicates the amount of magnification of the object.

A

magnification factor

65
Q

• Occurs whenever the OID is greater than zero
• All objects on the radiograph are larger than the actual size.
• It is caused by the divergence (spreading out) of the x-ray beam as it moves away from the target (x-ray tube ) where the x-ray are produced
• _ of an object positioned off the central rays is the same as that of an object on the central ray if th objects are in the same plane.

A

magnification

66
Q

Size of the area on the anode where x-rays are producing

A

focal spot size

67
Q

SHAPE DISTORTION
Factors:

A

• Tube Angulation
• Image Receptor Angulation
• Part Angulation

68
Q
  • When a structure appears shorter and thicker than its actual shape on the X-ray image.
A

FORESHORTENING

69
Q

When a structure appears longer and thinner than its actual shape on the X-ray image.

A

ELONGATION

filmscreen (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions