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Intro to Rad > Radiographic Nomenclature > Flashcards

Radiographic Nomenclature Flashcards

1
Q

converts image information into numerical data

A

ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter)

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2
Q

ionization chamber located between the patient and the image receptor

A

AEC (Automatic Exposure Control)

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3
Q

mathematical formula used by the computer to construct the radiographic image

A

algorithm

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4
Q

positive electrode in the x-ray tube

A

anode

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5
Q

exposure technique is set by the radiographer by choosing the proper anatomic part and projection on the control panel

A

APR; APT (Anatomically Programmed Radiography; Anatomically Programmed Technique)

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6
Q

an unwanted marking on a radiographic image

A

artifact

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7
Q

also known as positive beam limitation (PBL)

A

Automatic Collimation

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8
Q

the ability of the radiographic equipment to collimate automatically the x-ray beam to the same size as the image receptor resting in the Bucky tray

A

Automatic Collimation

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9
Q

either 1 or 0; the computer’s unit of information

A

bit binary digit

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10
Q

the number of shades of gray available within a pixel

A

bit depth

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11
Q

effect of motion on the radiographic image

A

blur

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12
Q

the amount of light coming from the monitor on which the radiographic image is displayed

A

brightness, image brightness

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13
Q

short for Potter-Bucky diaphragm

A

Bucky

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14
Q

a moving grid used from the monitor on which the radiographic image is displayed

A

Bucky

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15
Q

container used for holding the imaging plate in computed radiography (CR)

A

cassette

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16
Q

box-like structure attached to the x-ray tube containing lead shutters that limit the x-ray beam to a specific area of the body

A

collimator

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17
Q

negative electrode in the x-ray tube

A

cathode

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18
Q

solutions or gasses introduced into the body to increase the scale of contrast, making more detail visible

A

contrast media

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19
Q

negative contrast medium

A

air

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20
Q

positive contrast medium

A

barium and iodine

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21
Q

digital radiographic imaging using a cassette containing an imaging plate

A

Computed Radiography (CR)

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22
Q

the visible difference on between two selected areas of brightness in the radiographic image; allows details to be visible

A

contrast

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23
Q

a standard protocol used for blending a picture achieving and communications system and various imaging modalities

A

DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine)

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23
Q

a measure of the total radiation exposure to the patient, extrapolated from the dose in the air just above the patient

A

DAP (Dose Area Product)

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23
Q

the ability of an image receptor to capture the x-ray photons leaving the patient

A

dynamic range

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23
Q

the smallest change in signal that can be detected by the image receptor

A

contrast resolution

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24
Q

uses fixed detectors that directly communicate with a computer

A

Direct Radiography (DR)

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25
Q

misrepresentation of the size or shape of the object as recorded in the radiographic image

A

distortion

26
Q

describes the status of the exposure and diagnostic value of the digital image

A

exposure indicator

27
Q

“live action” imaging when the x-ray beam is on, creating images of the body as it functions and displaying those images on a monitor

A

fluoroscopy

28
Q

area of the anode in the x-ray tube from which x-rays emanate

A

focal spot (focal track)

29
Q

device that is placed between the patient and the image receptor that absorbs scatter radiation exiting the body

A

grid

30
Q

hospital information system

A

HIS

31
Q

an international standard for communicating medical information

A

HL7 (Health Level Seven)

32
Q

graphic display of the distribution of pixel values in a digital image

A

histogram

33
Q

any device or medium that captures the remnant beam

A

Imaging Receptor (IR)

34
Q

plate that is coated with photostimulable phosphors that absorb the photon energies exiting the patient; located inside a CR cassette

A

Imaging Plate (IP)

35
Q

applied to the x-ray tube, which determines the wavelength of the x-ray beam and its ability to penetrate the body, impacting the over-all contrast of the radiographic image

A

kVp (Peak Kilovoltage)

36
Q

required to be worn for radiation protection when performing portable radiography

A

lead aprons

36
Q

coverings worn by radiographers who are in a radiographic or fluoroscopic room with the x-ray beam turned on; the lead absorbs most of the scatter radiation that strikes the apron

A

lead apron

37
Q

the product of milliamperage and time

A

mAs (Milliampere-Seconds)

38
Q

the current that is passed through x-ray tube, whose energy is then converted to x-rays when it strikes the anode; it determines the number of x-rays produced and, consequently, the overall exposure striking the image receptor

A

mA (milliampere

38
Q

digital image that is made up of rows and columns of data

A

matrix

39
Q

radiation exposure to the patient is ____________ to the mAs used

A

directly proportional

40
Q

distance from the part being examined to the image receptor

A

OID (Object to Image Receptor Distance)

41
Q

imaging patients in locations other than an x-ray room, such as the patient’s room or operating room (see surgical radiography)

A

mobile radiography, portable radiography

41
Q

because of presence of scatter radiation, the radiographer is required to wear a ______ and ____________

A

dosimeter and lead apron

42
Q

picture archiving and communications system

A

PACS

43
Q

picture element; the smallest component of a matrix

A

pixel

44
Q

digital manipulation of a radiographic image after its acquisition by the computer

A

postprocessing

45
Q

coating on the imaging plate of a computed radiography cassette

A

PSP (Photostimulable Phosphor)

46
Q

x-ray image as viewed on a monitor after acquisition

A

radiographic image

47
Q

specific position of the body or body part in relation to the table or image receptor

A

radiographic position

48
Q

path the x-ray beam takes as it passes through the body; described as if the body is in the anatomical position

A

radiographic projection

49
Q

used to explain how the image receptor sees the body image; the opposite of the radiographic projection

A

radiographic view

50
Q

x-ray beam that exits the patient; is made up of image-forming rays and scatter radiation

A

remnant beam (exit radiation)

51
Q

RIS

A

Radiology Information System

52
Q

x-ray emanating from the patient in divergent paths rather than straight to the image receptor

A

scatter radiation

53
Q

the source of the radiographer’s occupational dose, requiring the wearing of a lead apron and dosimeter for fluoroscopy and mobile radiography

A

scatter radiation

54
Q

the sharpness of the structural edges in the radiographic image; the smallest detail that can be detected

A

spatial resolution

55
Q

distance from the source of radiation (x-ray tube anode) to the image recceptor

A

SID (source-to-image receptor distance)

56
Q

distance from the source of radiation (x-ray tube anode) to the part being examined

A

SOD (source-to-object distance)

57
Q

radiographic procedures performed by the radiographer in the operating room, usually using a C-arm (portable fluoroscope)

A

surgical radiography

58
Q

the three cardinal principles of radiation protection least amount of time exposed, greatest distance from the source of radiation, use of lead or other barriers to shield

A

time, distance, shielding

59
Q

volume element; section of tissue represented by a pixel

A

voxel

60
Q

midpoint of densities in a digital image; used to adjust digital image brightness

A

window level

61
Q

adjusts contrast of the digital image

A

window width

62
Q

location of the monitor on which radiographic images are displayed

A

workstation of radiologist or radiographer

63
Q

a form of electromagnetic radiation at wavelength that can penetrate matter

A

x-∆ray

Intro to Rad (6 decks)

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