Radiographic findings Flashcards
DV radiograph is best a looking at
Dorsal structures, tube closer to the top of the animal for better resolution
Radiographic view to better visualize ventral structures
VD
Origin of heart changes that increase heart height
Left ventricle
Origin of heart changes that increased heart width on lateral view
Right ventricle
How tall should the heart be on lateral view? DV? VD?
2/3 of thorax
<5 IC spaces
<6 IC spaces
How wide should the heart be on lateral view? DV dog? DV cat?
<3.5 IC spaces
<2/3 dog
<1/2 cat
On radiographs, veins are?
Ventral and central
Normal size ratio of aorta to caudal vena cava?
1:1
Disease that could result in undercirculated pulmonary vessels?
Severe pulmonic stenosis
Disease that could result in overcirculated pulmonary vessels?
VSD, PDA
How wide is too wide for pulmonary arteries?
> width of 7-9th rib
What can result in caudal vena cava enlargement?
Systemic venous congestion or increased right heart filling pressure
Ductus bump?
Dilation of descending portion of the aorta on DV/VD view
Post stenotic dilation of pulmonic stenosis?
bulge in pulmonary artery, on DV
Post stenotic dilation of SAS?
bulge in ascending aorta, noted at heart based on lateral radiograph
Name the 4 pulmonary patterns
- Bronchial
- Interstitial
- Alveolar
- Vascular
Describe bronchial pattern:
Increased airway opacity, doughnuts and train tracks
Describe interstitial pattern:
cloudy parenchyma, edges and vessels obscured
Describe alveolar pattern:
Flooded alveoli
air-bronchograms
parenchyma very dense to consolidated
Describe vascular pattern:
Generalized enlarged pulmonary vessels- typical with shunts
3 Classic radiographic findings of left heart failure:
Left heart enlargement (esp. atrium)
Pulmonary venous enlargement
Interstitial opacity around vessels (pulmonary edema)
What are the three hallmarks of the “reverse D” associated with left heart disease?
Right ventricular enlargement
Right atrial enlargement
Main pulmonary trunk bulge
T/F: Cats can have pulmonary edema or pleural effusion with left heart disease
True
