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RT 209 > Radiographic Equipment > Flashcards

Radiographic Equipment Flashcards

1
Q

The x-ray machine is installed fixedly in the exposure area

A

Permanent Installation

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2
Q

Permanent Installation

A vacuum glass composed of anode and cathode for x-ray production.

A

X-ray Tubes

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3
Q

Permanent Installation

is a device which narrows a beam of particles or waves.

A

Collimators

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4
Q

Permanent Installation

Usually used when the radiographic procedure requires the patient to lie down.

A

Radiographic Tables

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5
Q

Permanent Installation

Where the radiologic technologist adjusts the exposure factors for x-ray production

A

Control panels

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6
Q

Permanent Installation

Holds the x-ray tube in place

A

Tube stands

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7
Q

Permanent Installation

3 types of Tube stands

A

Floor to ceiling support system
Ceiling support system
C-arm support system

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8
Q

Permanent Installation

Usually used when the radiographic procedure requires the patient to stand upright.

A

Wall units

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9
Q

Used to perform radiographic examinations for patients who cannot be transported into the radiology department

A

Mobile Units

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10
Q

Parts of Mobile Units
(O, C, X)

A
  • Operating Console
  • Capacitor-Discharge Generator
  • X-ray Tube
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11
Q

A device that measures the quantity of radiation reaches the image receptor.

A

Automatic Exposure Control

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12
Q

It automatically terminates exposure when IR has received the required radiation intensity

A

Automatic Exposure Control

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13
Q

AEC systems are also called

A

Automatic Exposure Devices

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14
Q

2 Types of AEC System

A
  • Phototimers
  • Ionization Chamber
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15
Q

Specifically refers to the use of an AEC device that uses photomultiplier tubes or photodiodes.

A

Phototiming

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16
Q

Are the AEC devices that measure the amount of radiation transmitted.

A

Dectectors

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17
Q

Used for exposure timer checks. Operate with a very accurate internal clock based on a quartz-crystal oscillator.

A

Solid-state Radiation Detectors

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18
Q

Fluorescent (light-producing) screen and a device that converts the light to electricity.

A

Phototimers

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19
Q

is a solid-state device that performs the same function as a PMT

A

Photodiode

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20
Q

Are also called exit-type devices

A

Photomultiplier Tube (PMT)

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21
Q

Flat, parallel plate ———- positioned between the patient and the image receptor.

A

Ionization Chamber

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22
Q

A hollow cell that contains air and is connected to the timer circuit via an electrical wire.

A

Ionization Chamber

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23
Q

Considered as entrance-type devices

A

Ionization Chamber

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24
Q

interacts with exit radiation before it reaches the image receptor. Air in the chamber is ionized and electric charge that is proportional to the amount of radiation is created.

Less sophisticated, less accurate, less prone to failure

A

Ionization Chamber

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25
Q

If the radiographic unit has a mAs readout display, the radiographer should observe the reading after the exposure is made.

A

Automatic Exposure Control and Milliamperage/Second Readout

26
Q

The radiographer must be sure to set the kVp value as needed to ensure adequate penetration and to produce the appropriate scale of contrast.

A

Kilovoltage Peak and Automatic Exposure Control Response

27
Q

Kilovoltage Peak and Automatic Exposure Control Response

The kVp selected determines the length of —– when using AEC. A low kVp requires more exposure time when using AEC.

A

exposure time

28
Q

Kilovoltage Peak and Automatic Exposure Control Response

A ——- requires more exposure time to reach the predetermined amount of exposure.

A

Low kVp

29
Q

Kilovoltage Peak and Automatic Exposure Control Response

A —— decreases the exposure time to reach the predetermined amount of exposure and reduces the overall radiation exposure to the patient

A

high kVp

30
Q

If the radiographer can set the mA when using AEC, it affects the time of exposure for a given
procedure.

A

mA and AEC Response

31
Q

mA and AEC Response

——— decreases the exposure time to reach the predetermined amount of exposure.

A

Increasing the mA

32
Q

mA and AEC Response

__________ increases exposure time to reach the predetermined amount of exposure.

A

Decreasing the mA

33
Q

Refers to the shortest exposure time that the system can produce.

A

Minimum Response Time

34
Q

Minimum response time usually is longer with ——— than with other types of radiographic timers.

A

AEC systems

35
Q

If the minimum response time is longer than the amount of time needed to ———-, an increased amount of radiation reaches the image receptor.

A

to terminate the exposure

36
Q

Refers to the maximum length of the time the x-ray exposure continues when using an AEC system.

A

Backup Time

37
Q

Acts as safety mechanism when AEC System fails or equipment is not used properly.

A

Backup Time

38
Q

Protects the patient from unnecessary exposure and protects the x-ray tube from reaching or exceeding its heat-loading capacity.

A

Backup Time

38
Q

Protects the patient from unnecessary exposure and protects the x-ray tube from reaching or exceeding its heat-loading capacity.

A

Backup Time

39
Q

Backup Time

If the back-up time is controlled automatically, it should terminate at a maximum of

A

600 mAs

40
Q

Backup Time

If the back-up time is controlled automatically, it should terminate at a maximum of

A

600 mAs

41
Q

Setting Backup Time

Backup time should be at ——– of the expected exposure time. This allows the properly used AEC system to appropriately terminate the exposure, but protects the patient and tube from excessive exposure if a problem occurs.

A

150% to 200%

42
Q

To minimize patient exposure, the backup time should be ——–

A

neither too long nor too short.

43
Q

Detector Selection

The ————- affects the amount of exposure reaching the image receptor.

A

combination of detectors

44
Q

Detector Selection

If the area of radiographic interest is not directly over the selected detectors, that area probably will be ————-

A

over-or underexposed.

45
Q

When performing any radiographic study in which the image receptor is located outside of the Bucky, the AEC system should be ———and a manual technique used.

A

deactivated

46
Q

Accurate centering of the area of interest over the detectors is critical to ensure proper exposure to the image receptor. If the area of interest is not properly centered to the image receptor, over- or underexposure may occur.

A

Patient Centering

47
Q

Detector Size

The size of the detectors used within an AEC system is ———.

A

is fixed and cannot be adjusted.

48
Q

Detector SIze

If the detector combination is larger than _____
, a manual exposure technique should be used.

A

the area of interest

49
Q

Patient factors affect the time the exposure takes to reach the image receptor and ultimately affect image quality.

A

Patient Consideration

50
Q

Patient Consideration

————— result in changes in the time of exposure accordingly if AEC system is functioning properly.

A

Variations in patient thickness

51
Q

Patient Consideration

—————— are patient variations that may affect the proper exposure to the IR and ultimately image quality.

A

Pathologic conditions, contrast media, foreign
objects, or pockets of gas

52
Q

Excessive or insufficient collimation may affect the amount of exposure reaching the image receptor.

A

Collimation and AEC Response

53
Q

Collimation and AEC Response

———— may result in excessive scatter reaching the detectors, resulting in the exposure time terminating too quickly

A

Insufficient collimation

54
Q

Collimation and AEC Response

———– may result in an
exposure time that is too long.

A

Excessive collimation

55
Q

Types of IR and AEC Response

The AEC System is calibrated to the ————-.

A

type and speed of the IR used

56
Q

Types of IR and AEC Response

If an image receptor of a different type or speed is used, the detectors will ———–

A

not sense the difference

57
Q

What does APR mean

A

Anatomically Programmed Radiography

58
Q

Refers to a radiographic system that allows the radiographer to select a particular button on the control panel that represents an anatomic area.

a preprogrammed set of exposure factors can
be selected.

A

Anatomically Programmed Radiography

58
Q

to ensure that consistent and appropriate exposures to the image receptor are produced.

A

Purpose of Calibration

59
Q

Calibration

Failure to —————- results in the lack of consistent and reproducible exposures to the detectors and could affect image quality.

A

maintain regular calibration of the unit

60
Q

is important in monitoring the performance of the AEC system.

A

Quality Control

RT 209 (4 decks)

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