Radiograph Evaluation

Question 1

Nl calcaneal inclination angle

Answer 1

18-21

Question 2

normal talar declination angle

Answer 2

21

Question 3

Normal subtalar joint axis

Answer 3

42 degrees up from transverse plane

16 degrees medial from sagittal plane

Question 4

The more vertical the subtalar joint axis=increase in ____

Answer 4

transverse plane motion

Question 5

The more horizontal the STJ axis=increase in _____

Answer 5

frontal plane motion

Question 6

The more parallel the STJ axis to the sagittal plane=increase in _____

Answer 6

frontal plane motion

Question 7

The more parallel the STJ axis to the frontal plane=increase in____

Answer 7

sagittal plane motion

Question 8

Nl Kites angles

Answer 8

Ages 0-15=35-50

Ages 5-adult= 15-35

Question 9

Kites angle is ____ in STJ pronation and supination

Answer 9

increased in STJ pronation

decreased in STJ supination

Question 10

Transverse plane function is represented in the change in the relationship between what?

Answer 10

the calcaneus and the talar head

Question 11

What is the purpose of calcaneal axial and Harris Beath x-rays?

Answer 11

evaluate the posterior calcaneus, evaluate the relationship of the calcaneus and tibia, evaluate the STJ

Question 12

Normal tibial influence in frontal plane

Answer 12

0-7 degrees

Question 13

What does the Harris Beath view allow?

Answer 13

visualization of the middle and posterior facets

Question 14

What is the normal calcaneal position when a kid begins to walk (10-14 mo)

Answer 14

6 degrees heel valgus

Question 15

What is the ideal position of the calcaneus by 13?

Answer 15

4-5 degrees inverted (varus)

Question 16

What do you see on x-ray in pes cavus?

Answer 16

increased calcaneal inclination angle, decreased talar declination angle, increased 1st met bisection, inverted calcaneus

Question 17

What do you see on x-ray in pes planus?

Answer 17

decreased calcaneal inclination, exposed talar head, anterior break in Cyma line, icnreased cuboid abduction angle, increased talocalcaneal angle, increased Meary’s angle, everted calcaneus

Question 18

Difference in findings between pes planus and vertical talus?

Answer 18

vertical talus has dramatic increases in calcaneal inclination, talar declination and decreased in 1st met declination

Question 19

Club foot findings on x-ray

Answer 19

45-65 degrees of plantarflexion of talus (nl 25-30), 80 degrees of adduction of talar head and neck to the body in transverse plane (nl 15)