Radiobiology Flashcards
What is the linear theory?
That any amount of radiation is harmful.
Exposure to the entire body. (More detrimental than exposure to specific part.)
Whole body dose
Amount of exposure to the skin.
Skin entrance dose.
The skin entrance dose is always ______ than structures below the skin.
higher
The ______ the part, the ____ exposure due to absorption.
Deeper
less
The exposure of a specific organ of interest.
Organ dose
Exposure causing tissue damage of the exposed individual (early or late).
Somatic dose
What are the earliest effects of somatic dose?
Temporary erythema and hair loss.
Does somatic dose happen in diagnostic levels?
no
Exposure potentially causing damage to future generations of the exposed individual.
Genetic dose
Genetic dose attributed to _____ _____ of radiation exposure to gonads.
Low levels
Can genetic dose happen with diagnostic x-rays?
yes
What are the greatest effects of genetic dose?
Leukemia and mutations.
The amount of exposure that the unborn receives usually determined after the irradiation of a pregnant female.
Fetal dose
Fetal exposure up to _____ rads is not expel ted to cause any effects on the new born.
10 rads
Is 10 rads a usual dose in diagnostic filming?
NO, very unusual.
Actual dose a fetus receives can be calculated by whom?
Radiation physicist
Probability of harmful effect increases as dose increases.
Stochastic somatic effect
This will show long term effects of cancer and cataracts.
Stochastic somatic effect
KNOWN effects that increase with dose. Has a threshold at which effects are predictable.
Deterministic somatic (non-stochastic) effects.
Show short term effects such as erythema, infertility, blood forming damage, cataracts.
Deterministic somatic (non-stochastic) effects.
If exposed at a low level continuously, effects are reduced. This is called?
protraction
Non-continuous exposure to high dose reduces effect. This is called?
fractionation
Used in radiotherapy.
Protraction and fractionation
