Radioactivity Plus Other Stuff Oops

Question 1

Henri Becquerel

Answer 1

Accidentally discovered radioactivity

Question 2

Marie Curie

Answer 2

Isolated polonium and radium, from pitchblende ore

Question 3

Radioactivity

Answer 3

The spontaneous breaking up of unstable nuclei with the emission of one or more types of radiation

Question 4

Alpha

1. nature…
2. penetrating power…
3. in an electric field…
4. Source…
5. use…

Answer 4

1-2 protons and 2 neutrons, positively charged particle, same as helium nucleus
2- LOW stopped by sheet of paper
3-attracted to negative plate
4- ²⁴¹Am (Americium-241)
5-smoke detectors

Question 5

Beta

1. nature…
2. penetrating power…
3. in an electric field…
4. Source…
5. use…

Answer 5

1.nature: an electron = e‐= negatively charged
Formed when a neutron decays into a proton and an electron. Proton remains in nucleus and electron is emitted out of nucleus
2.penetrating power: MEDIUM =stopped by 5mm of alluminium
3.in an electric field: attracted to positive plate
4.Source: ¹⁴C= carbon-14
5.use: carbon-dating

Question 6

Gamma

1. nature…
2. penetrating power…
3. in an electric field…
4. Source…
5. use…

Answer 6

1. nature: high energy electromagnetic radiation. Not a particle-just energy. No mass. No charge
2. penetrating power: HIGHEST = only stopped by several cms of lead
3. in an electric field: no effect
4. Source: ⁶⁰Co= cobalt-60
5. use: treat cancer

Question 7

Radioisotope

Answer 7

An atom with an unstable nucleus eg, C-14

Question 8

Transmutation

Answer 8

Change from 1 element to another due to the emissions of alpha or beta radiation

Question 9

Half life of a radioisotope

Answer 9

Time taken for half the atoms in a sample of the isotope to decay

Question 10

One mole of a substance =

Answer 10

The amount of substances that contains as many particles as the atoms of Carbon-12 in 12mg of C-12

Question 11

Molecular formula

Answer 11

Formula which shows the number and type of eabha atom present in a molecule if that compound

Question 12

Empirical Formula

Answer 12

Formula showing the simplest whole number ratio of the numbers of different atoms present in the molecule