Radioactivity Flashcards
3 main particles of an atom
Electron ,Proton, Neutron
Electrons have_______ orbits
Stationary
No.of shells in an atom depends on
Total number of electrons in it
What is the centre of an atom
nucleus
At.no of an atom is equal to the
Protons in its nucleus
Mass number of an atom is equal to the?
total no of nucleons
Atoms of the same element having same atomic number but different mass number
Isotopes
Isoptopes have same______ but different________
atomic number,mass number
____ has the largest number of isotopes
Tin
Atom of different element have same mass no but different atomic number
Isobars
Isobars are_____element having______mass number but ___________atomic number
different,same,different
What are mirror isobars?
If the no of protons and neutrons get interchanged then, they are called mirror isobars
Atoms having different no of protons but same neutrons
isotones
Positive charged particles
alpha
-ve charged particles
beta
uncharged particles
gamma
Radioactive elements
the substances which decay by the spontaneous emission of radiation
Natural radioactive substances
When the number of neutrons is much more than the number of protons
Radioactivity is a __________phenomenon
Nuclear
Radioactive decay is a __________phenomenon
random
beta particles deviate ______than alpha particles
more
Mass of an apha particle is roughly
4 times the mass of proton
Speed of alpha particle
10^7 ms-1
Alpha particles _____________ a photographic plate
Affect
Speed of beta particle
10^8 ms-1
Betta particles____________ a photographic plate
Affect
Speed of gamma particles
same as speed of light i.e 3*10^8 m s-1
Gamma radations have___________ionising power but_______penetrating power
least, maximum
Alpha radations have___________ionising power but_______penetrating power
maximum, least
1 a.m.u=
931MeV
What is nuclear fission?
The process in which a heavy nuclei is split into two smaller nuclei of nearly the same size,when bombared with slow neutrons.
Nuclear bomb is based on what kind of a chained reaction?
Uncontrolled
2 use of fission
1) Destructive-nuclear bomb
2) Constructive-electric power
Nuclear fission ____ be control
can
Necular fusion
2 light nuclei combine to form a heavy nuclie
Nuclear fusion is not possible under what temperature and pressure?
Ordinary
What is the fusion reaction also called as?
thermo-nuclear reaction.
Nuclear fission reaction is possible at what temperature and pressure
ordinary
1 fission reaction________ energy is released
190MeV
1 fusion reaction ____________ energy is released
24.7MeV
The fissionable substance is
radioactive
Fission process can be________
Controlled
Nuclear bomb is based on_______-
Uncontrollable fission reaction
Hydrogen bomb is based on
Uncontrollable fusion reaction
Uncontrollable fission reaction give what kind of a bomb?
Nuclear
Uncontrollable fusion reaction give what kind of a bomb?
Hydrogen
What is the simailarty in fission and fusion
Release of energy due to loss in mass.
In each fission reaction the_____ remains conserved
mass and atomic number
Moderators in nuclear reactor
Graphite and Heavy water
