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physics my own > radioactivity > Flashcards

radioactivity Flashcards

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1
Q

what is alpha stopped by

A

paper

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2
Q

what is beta stopped by

A

thin aluminium

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3
Q

what is gamma stopped by

A

thick lead

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4
Q

properties of alpha

A

least penetrative
most ionising

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5
Q

properties of beta

A

strong penetrative
weak ionising

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6
Q

properties of gamma

A

most penetrative
least ionising

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7
Q

how to detect radiation

A

photographic film - goes dark
geiger muller tube - more counts

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8
Q

what’s half life

A

time taken for radioactivity of a nucleus to decrease by half

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9
Q

how smoke detectors use radioactivity

A

alpha particles ionise air
current flows
smoke particles collide with alpha
current stops
triggers alarm

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10
Q

uses of gamma radiation

A

sterilising
medical tracers

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11
Q

uses of alpha radiation

A

smoke detectors
treating cancer

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12
Q

how to avoid contamination

A

protective gloves
protective suits

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13
Q

how to stop irradiation

A

lead boxes
barriers

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14
Q

danger of radiation

A

damage and mutation in cells
causes cancer

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15
Q

what’s fission

A

heavy atoms split
into smaller and lighter atoms

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16
Q

what’s fusion

A

lighter atoms forced together
form heavier atoms

17
Q

explain nuclear fission

A

slow moving neutron
absorbed by nucleus
splits to make small daughter nuclei
neutrons released

18
Q

what are moderators made of

A

graphite

19
Q

what are control rods made of

A

boron

20
Q

what moderators are for

A

to absorb KE
slows neutrons down
easier to absorb

21
Q

what control rods are for

A

absorb neutrons
remove from fission
balances rate of fission

22
Q

what’s shielding for

A

absorbs harmful radiation
stops radiation from escaping

23
Q

conditions for fusion

A

high temp
high pressure

24
Q

how high temp affects fusion

A

overcome force between nucleis bonding

25
Q

how high pressure affects fusion

A

increases chance of fusion

physics my own (7 decks)

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