Radio LE2 Flashcards
- hofman rigler sign to denote left ventricular enlargement is elicited in the
a. apicolordotic view
b. ap view
c. lateral view
d. PA view
c. lateral view
- this chamber is not border forming in the frontal chest radiograph
a. right atrium
b. right ventricle
c. left atrium
d. left ventricle
b. right ventricle
- retrosternal fullness in the lateral chest radiograph in enlargement of the heart means
a. enlarged LA
b. enlarged LV
c. enlarged RA
d. enlarged RV
d. enlarged RV
- double density appearance inferior to the bifurcation of the carina on chest pa xray is seen in
a. right atrial enlargement
b. rv enlargement
c. la enlargement
d. lv enlargement
c. la enlargement
- the normal carinal angle is
a. 30
b. 50
c. 70
d. 90
c. 70
- lateral displacement and bulging of right cardiac border seen on chest pa is seen in
a. right atrial enlargement
b. rv enlargement
c. la enlargement
d. lv enlargement
a. right atrial enlargement
- the normal caliber of the right descending pulmonary artery is
a. 1.5 cm
b. as wide as the tracheal column
c. both
d. none
c. both
- Upliftment and rounding of cardiac apex is seen in
a. right atrial enlargement
b. rv enlargement
c. la enlargement
d. lv enlargement
b. rv enlargement
- in left to right shunt cardiac anomalies, the pulmonary vascularity is usually
a. increased
b. decreased
c. not affected
d. not reliable sign
a. increased
- in right to left shunt cardiac anomalies, the pulmonary vascularity is usually
a. increased
b. decreased
c. not affected
d. not reliable sign
b. decreased
- a child who was born a blue baby presents with tet spells relieved by squatting position. What is expected chest xray finding in this patient
a. boot shaped
b. box shaped
c. egg on its side
d. 3 sign
a. boot shaped
- the chest xray of asymptomatic young adult showed inc pulmonary vascularity with dilated MPA. There was cardiomegaly with involvement of the right atrium and right ventricle. What is primary shunt anomaly considered?
a. Asd
b. mitral septal defect
c. pda
d. vsd
a. Asd
- a 30yo g1p0 on her 28th week AOGw2 suddenly became cyanotic and dyspneic. She was diagnosed to have vsd earlier in childhood that was not repaired surgically. Given the inc volume and hormonal changes brought about by pregnancy. What could explain her symptoms
a. ebsteins syndrome
b. eisenmengger syndrome
c. hyperviscosity syndrome
d. undiagnosed case of sle
b. eisenmengger syndrome
- a cyanotic newborns chest radiograph revealed hypovascularity with a box shaped heart. What is basis of imaging feature of this chd.
a. congential complete absence of right ventricular myocardium
b. inferiorly displaced and dysplastic tricuspid valve with atrialization of the rv
c. prolonged stenosis resulting in right bentricular hypertrophy assoc with vsd
d. reversal of left to right shunt secondary to increased pressure and volume overload
b. inferiorly displaced and dysplastic tricuspid valve with atrialization of the rv
- a cyanotic newborns chest radiograph showed an egg on its side cardiac configuration with hypervascularity. What is radiographic diagnosis
a. Tof
b. Tapvr
c. transposition of great vessels
d. tricuspid insufficiency
c. transposition of great vessels
- a non cyanotic neonate presents with murmurs. Chest radiograph showed increased pulmonary vascularity with carinal angle splaying double conttour, downward drooping of the cardiac apex on ap view and retrosternal fullness on lateral view. The aorta is small and diminutive. What is diagnosis
a. asd
b. pda
c. pah
d. vsd
d. vsd
- another non cyanotic newborn presents with the same findings above however aorta is significantly prominent. Diagnosis?
a. Asd
b. Pda
c. Pah
d. Vsd
b. Pda
- what cardiac anomaly distinguishes tof from pentalogy of fallot
a. asd
b. pda
c. pah
d. vsd
a. asd
- rib notching is seen in
a. aberrent left subclavian artery
b. coarctation of the aorta
c. double aortic arch
d. pulmonary sling
b. coarctation of the aorta
- tapvr results from an abnormal connection of pulmonary veins with right atrium or systemic circulation. Which type manifests with a snowman appearance on chest radiographs
a. cardiac
b. infracardiac
c. supracardiac
d. mixed
c. supracardiac
- right sided aorta is commonly associated with
a. aortic stenosis
b. pulmonary agenesis
c. tof
d. cardiomegaly
c. tof
- a 19yo student underwent chest radiograph for school requirement. She was recently diagnosed to have asd. What is expected radiographic findings
a. dec pulmonary vascularity
b. double density
c. prominent aorta
d. retrosternal fullness
d. retrosternal fullness
- a 10yo boy diagnosed with vsd. What is expected finding
a. bulging of right cardiac margin
b. splaying of carinal angle
c. right sided aorta
d. neg hofman rigler sign
b. splaying of carinal angle
- a 28yo model had silicone injections in both breasts 10 years ago. Pt now complains of palpable nodules. What is best imaging modality to assess patient
a. mammo
b. mri
c. utz
d. histopath
b. mri
- a mammographic finding of an extremely dense breast tissue was given a score of bi rads 0. What is the next best step
a. additional mammogram utilizing different views
b. biopsy
c. mri
d. utz
d. utz
- linguine sign is seen in
a. collagen
b. fibroadenoma
c. implant rupture
d. invasive ductal carcinoma
c. implant rupture
- classified as bi rads 5
a. angulated mass with areas of necrosis
b. lobulared nodule with microcal
c. spiculated mass with macrocal
d. spiculated mass with microcal
d. spiculated mass with microcal
- most common site where cancers and fibrocystic changes arise
a. acini or ductules
b. coopers ligament
c. extralobular terminal duct
d. terminal ductal lobular unit
d. terminal ductal lobular unit
- a patients mammogram showed birads 4b. What is next best step
a. biopsy
b. mri
c. utz
d. aota
a. biopsy
- 23 yo with a finding of nodular density in mammogram wc proved to be a simple cyst in biopsy is classified as
a. birads 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
c. 2
what is coroncary calcium score that indicates an extensive plaque burden
a. 300-400
b. >400
c. 101-400
d. <400
b. >400
- which of the following is not a complication of mi?
a. dresslers
b. lutembacher
c. ventricular aneurysm
d. myocardial rupture (17:31)
b. lutembacher
- it accounts for 90% of all cardiomyopathies
a. dilated
b. restricted
c. hypertrophic
d. ihss
a. dilated
- cor pulmonale is defined as
a. right ventricular failure secondary to pulmonary parenchymal or pulmonary arterial disease
b. left ventricular failure secondary to pulmonary parenchymal or pulmonary arterial disease
c. left atrial failure secondary to pulmonary parenchymal or pulmonary arterial disease
d. right atrial failure secondary to pulmonary parenchymal or pulmonary arterial disease
a. right ventricular failure secondary to pulmonary parenchymal or pulmonary arterial disease
arythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
a. Lutembacher
b. loffler endocardial fibrosis
c. barlows syndrome
d. uhl anomaly
c. barlows syndrome
- most common causes of dilated cardiomegaly
a. muscular dystrophy
b. toxin
c. ischemic cardiomyopathy
d. long term myocarditis
c. ischemic cardiomyopathy
- features of mitral valve prolapse except
a. autosommal dominant
b. honking type of murmur
c. reiters syndrome
d. barlow syndrome
c. reiters syndrome
- type of fixed subarotic stenossi that has funnel like restriction of the left ventricle outflow tract
a. type i
b. type iii
c. type ii
d. type iv
d. type iv
- an acquired valvular heart disease that is a combination seen in marfan syndrome and Williams syndrome
a. supravalvular aortic stenosis
b. pulmonary stenosis
c. subvalvular stenosis
d. infundibular pulmonary stenosis
a. supravalvular aortic stenosis
- features of cardiomyopathy except
a. failure to maintain architecture
b. failure to maintain normal electricl activity
c. failure to maintain cardiac output
d. failure to maintain vascularity
d. failure to maintain vascularity
- which of the ff is not a risk factor for cad
a. obesity
b. chronic inflammation
c. male gender
d. decreased c-reactive protein
d. decreased c-reactive protein
- which is not an indication for coronary angiography
a. unstable angina
b. high risk occupation (pilots)
c. hypertensive patient
d. abnormal ecg
c. hypertensive patient
- a complication of mi that has an abrupt onset of mitral regurgitation and pulmonary edema
a. papillary muscle rupture
b. myocardial rupture
c. ventricular aneurysm
d. cardiogenic shock
a. papillary muscle rupture
- what syndrome is associated with MI
a. barlow
b. dressler
c. noonan
d. lutembacher
b. dressler
- mitral stenosis with pre existing asd
a. barlow
b. dressler
c. marfan
d. lutembacher
d. lutembacher
- Type of subaortic stensosis that has thin membrane with <2cm below the valve
a. Type I
b. Type III
c. II
d. IV
a. Type I
- Acquired valvular disease that has honking type of murmur with mild systolic flick
a. Aortic stenosis
b. mitral regurgitation
c. aortic insufficiency
d. mitral valve prolapsed
d. mitral valve prolapsed
- form of cardiomyopathy associated with neurofibromatosis and noonan syndrome
a. dilated cardiomyopathy
b. right ventricular cardiomyopathy
c. restrictive cardiomyopathy
d. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
d. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- 50% coronary calcification is seen in symptomatic patient with
a. single vessel disease
b. two vessel
c. three vessel
d. 4-vessel
a. single vessel disease
- Coronary calcium score with less than 5% chance of CAD
a. 0
b. 1-10
c. 11-100
d. 101-400
c. 11-100
- Clinical presentations of coronary artery dse
a. Stable angina
b. Myocardial infarction
c. Congestive heart failure
d. Aota
d. Aota
- Risk factors for CAD
a. Tobacco smoking
- Indications for coronary angiography:
a. High risk occupations (pilots)
- Complications of myocardial infarc:
a. Cardiogenic shock
b. Atrioventricular block
c. RVI
d. All
d. All
- Causes of CHF:
a. Cardiomyopathy
- MC Cardiomyopathy
a. Dilated
- MC cause of 6:
a. Ischemic cardiomyopathy
* check table
- Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
a. Normal ventricular wall
- Dilated Cardiomyopathy
a. Thick left ventricular wall
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
a. Thin left ventricular wall
- Causes of Pulmonary Venous HTN
a. Mitral Stenosis
b. Aortic Regurgitation
c. LVF
d. All
d. All
- Flappy? Mitral Valve
a. Mitral Valve Prolapse
- Chest Radiograph of Aortic stenosis
a. Left Ventricular Prominence
- MC Primary Benign Tumor
a. Atrial Myxoma
- Causes of Pericardial Effusion
a. Infectious
b. Drug-induced
c. CHF
d. All
d. All
- Myxomas occur:
a. Left Atrium
- True of cardiac masses
a. Ang
b. Haba
c. Pero
d. aota
d. aota
- Detecting intra-cardiac tumors
a. MRI
- Detecting loculated pericardial effusion
a. CT Scan
- Chest x-ray of mitral regurg
a. LA Enlargement
b. LV Prominence
c. Carinal Swaying
d. All
d. All
LV enlagement in frontal
a. Lateral and downward displacement of apex
- Hoffman rigler sign
a. Lateral view
- Chamber not in frontal
a. RV
- Retrosternal fullness in lateral
a. Enlarged RV
- Double density appearance
a. LA enlargement
- Retrosternal Fullness
a. Enlarged RV
- Normal carinal angle
a. 70
- CT Ratio:
a. Cardiac Diameter / Widest horizontal thoracic diameter
- Normal CT Ratio in upright, full respi effort:
a. 0.5
- Upliftment and rounding
a. RV Enlargement
- Frontal chest x-ray – aortic knob:
a. Superior of pulmonary (something) segment
- LA enlargement – front
a. > 70 carinal angle (spaying??)
- LR Shunt:
a. Pulmonary Vascularty inc
- Blue baby
a. Boot-shaped heart
- Chest x-ray of young adult, inc pulmo vasc, dilated pulmo artery, primary shunt anomaly?
a. ASD (adult, VSD – Bata)
- Cyanotic newborn, boot-shaped heart:
a. Infirior displaced and dysplastic tricuspid with arterialization of RV
- Non-invasive modality
a. CT Coronary angiography
- R-Sided Aorta
a. ToF
- Waterbottle
a. Pericardial effusion
- Complete vascular ring – compressing aorta and esophagus
a. Double aorta
- Most specific finding of aortic dissection
a. Intimal flap
- Dissecting aneurism – descending aorta only
a. Type 2
Most common cause of mortality in the US
coronary artery disease
Coronary Artery Disease Imaging Work up
- CRX
- Nuclear medicine myocardial perfusion scan
- coronary angiography
Coronary Calcium Scoring
0 1-10 11-100 101-400 >400
- 0–no identifiable atherosclerotic plaque; less than 5% chance of CAD
- 1-10–minimal plaque burden; unlikely CAD
- 11-100–mild plaque burden; minimal coronary stenosis
- 101-400–moderate plaque burden; moderate non-obstructive CAD
- > 400 –extensive plaque burden; high likelihood of at least one coronary stenosis (>50% diameter)
mc of all cardiomyopathies
DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
Lutembacher syndrome =
Mitral stenosis with preexisting ASD -> right sided enlargement
AP Right Border / Curvatures
o Superior vena cava
o Right atrium
o Inferior vena cava
AP Left Border / Curvatures
o Aortic knob
o Main pulmonary trunk
o Left ventricle
not normally seen in lateral view
right atrium
MC ventricle enlargement
left ventricle - caused by hypertension
hoffman-rigler sign
left ventricle enlargement
chamber last to enlarge
right atrium
