radiations Flashcards
control rods
absorb neutrons
moderator
slows down neutrons
number of protons + neutrons
mass number
number of protons
atomic number
ionising radiation that is the same as a helium nuceus
alpha
ionising radiation is the same as fast moving electron
beta
ionising radiation is an electromagnetic wave
gamma
gives the damage done by radiation
radiation weighting factor
the number of disintergrations per second
activity
time for the activity to half
half life
equivalent dose
the biological harm done by radiation
absorbed dose
the energy absorbed per kilogram of service
the equivalent dose in a set period time
the equivalent dose rate
radiation by natural and man made sources
background radiation
advantage of nuclear waste
produces no greenhouse gasesew
disadvantage of nuclear waste
storing radioactive waste
background radiation
2.2mSv
effective dose for public
1mSv
effective for radiations worker
20 mSv
experiement for half life
Equipment
Radioactive sample
Geiger-Muller tube and counter
Stop clock
Clock
Method
Use the Geiger-Muller tube and counter to measure the number of radioactive disintegrations over a short period of time (i.e. 30 seconds using the stop clock).
Use these numbers to calculate the activity at that time of day (using time on clock).
At regular intervals on the clock, repeat steps 1 and 2 to obtain the activity of the substance at different times.
Plot a half-life graph with time as the x-axis and activity as the y-axis. Use this graph to determine the time it takes fort the activity to drop to half its previous value.
