Radiation Safety PPT Flashcards
What is Exposure?
Radiation intensity charge measured in air.
Unit: Coulomb per kg
What is Radiation Absorbed Dose?
Measures radiation energy absorbed as a result of exposure.
Unit: Gray, 1 Gy = 100 cGy
What is Radioactivity?
Quantity of radioactive material.
Unit: Becquerel, 1 Bq = 1 dps
What is Occupational dose?
Biological effectiveness of radiation.
Unit: Sievert, 1 Sv = 1000 mSv
What does TVL stand for?
Tenth-Value Layer
How many HVLs are in 1 TVL?
3.3 HVL
What materials are commonly associated with radiation shielding?
Lead (Pb) and concrete
What is Absorbed Dose?
The amount of energy transferred to the interacting medium per unit mass of the medium by ionizing radiation.
What are the units of Absorbed Dose?
Rad and Gray.
What is the conversion factor between Gray and Rad?
1 Gy = 100 rad.
What is Equivalent Dose?
The amount of biologic harm to tissue caused by exposure to ionizing radiation.
What is a Quality Factor?
Accounts for the difference in biologic effect of each type of ionizing radiation.
What is the Quality Factor for X-rays, gamma rays, and electrons?
1
What is the Quality Factor for Thermal neutrons?
5
What is the Quality Factor for High-energy photons?
10
What is the Quality Factor for Fast neutrons and alpha particles?
20
What does ‘Effective Dose’ account for?
It accounts for partial-body irradiation or nonuniform irradiation of the whole body.
What is the weighting factor for Gonads?
0.25
What is the weighting factor for Breast?
0.15
What is the weighting factor for Red bone marrow, lung, colon, stomach?
0.05
What is the weighting factor for Bladder, liver, esophagus?
0.05
What is the weighting factor for Thyroid?
0.12
What is the weighting factor for bone surfaces?
0.12
What is the weighting factor for Skin?
0.01
