Radiation Biology: Early Effects Flashcards
What is epilation?
Hair loss
What is Erythema?
Reddening of skin
What is a Stochastic/Deterministic effect?
Health effects for which the severity varies with dose and a threshold exists.
What is is a stochastic effect?
Health effects that occur randomly without a threshold. I.e genetic
Somatic effect
Effect limited to the exposed individual.
Teratogenic efffect
Effects that are observed in children who were exposed during fetal stages of development
What are the stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase and Mitosis
How many stages is mitosis made up of?
5
What are the most radiosensetive stages of the cell cycle?
M and G2.
What are the potential results of cellular DNA damage from rad exposure?
- Cell Dies
- The Cell divides and produces abnormal daughters that live
- The Cell divides and produces abnormal daughter that die
- The Cell Repair itself and lives.
Indirect damage to the cell
Radiation targets the water around the DNA and make compounds that attack the DNA.
Law of Bergonie and Tribndeau
Cells tend to be radiosensitive if they:
* Have high division rate
* Have a long dividing future
* Are of an unspecialized type
Most sensitive organs to radiation?
*Blood forming
*Reproductive and GI
*Skin
Modifiers of radiation sensitive for the whole body?
- Chemical
- Physical
- Biological
Most radiosensitive cells?
Lymphocytes, bone marrow stem cells, reproductive cells
ARS threshold dose?
Whole body 100 rem
What range does Bone marrow syndrome occur?
100 to 1000 rad
GI syndrome range?
1000-5000 rad
CV Syndrome range?
Over 5000 Rad
What is the best estimate of LD 50/60 in humans?
410 rad +/- 150 rad w/o medical treatment
What is interphase made up of?
G1, S, and G-2
