Radiation Flashcards
The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles which cause ionization.
Radiation
A stream of particles or electromagnetic waves emitted by the atoms and molecules of a radioactive substance as a result of nuclear decay.
Radiation
is the process by which ions are formed by gain or loss of an electron from an atom or molecule.
IONIZATION
MEANS OF RADIATION ENTRY THROUGH THE BODY (3)
- Inhalation
2.Ingestion
3.Absorption/ skin
cuts
Radiation coming from outside the body
External exposure
Radiation emitted within the body
Internal exposure
Sources of radiation
- Natural sources
- Man-made radiation sources
constant source of ionizing radiation present in the environment and emitted from a variety of sources.
NATURAL SOURCES
Natural sources also called as
Background radiation
A source of natural background radiation, which originates in outer space and is composed of penetrating ionizing radiation (both particulate and electromagnetic).
COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION
The sun and stars send a constant stream of cosmic radiation to Earth, much like a steady drizzle of rain.
COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION
Electromagnetic radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface and atmosphere is called terrestrial or long wave radiation (Arnfield 2020)
terrestrial radiation
Low levels of terrestrial radiation
Uranium, Thorium, and their decay products are found everywhere.
decay products of uranium
Throrium, Radium, and Radon
The major isotopes of concern for terrestrial radiation are
Uranium and the decay products of uranium
is a naturally occurring radioactive gas which can accumulate in enclosed places, including houses and other buildings.
Radon
When a radioactive atom decays, its nucleus, which is unstable, breaks down, turning into the nucleus of another element called a
daughter product.
It comes from the radioactive decay chain of uranium, which is present in small amounts almost everywhere in the Earth’s crust
Radon
3 natural sources
cosmic
and terrestrial sources
INTERNAL RADIONUCLIDE (RADIATION)
It is the primary source of radiation from the human body.
potassium-40
K40 in a 70-kg person is
about 5,000 Bq, which represents 5,000 atoms
essentially are from human food derived from plants.
Carbon-14
The rates of disintegration of—and— in the normal adult body are comparable (a few thousand disintegrated nuclei per second).
Potassium-40
Carbon-14
TWO DISTINCT GROUPS EXPOSED TO MAN-MADE RADIATION SOURCES
- Members of the public 2.Occupationally exposed
individuals
