rad onc

Question 1

uncharged particles -photons neutrons

Answer 1

interact less
ionize indirectly
penetrate farther

Question 2

Charged particles

Answer 2

interact strongle

ionize directly

Question 3

ewing sarcoma

Answer 3

poorly differentiated neural tissue
FLi-1
ERG

Question 4

Malignant =

benign

Answer 4

neuroblastoma

ganglioneuroma

Question 5

neuroblastoma presentation

Answer 5

hypertension

Question 6

neuroblastoma can be stroma poor or

Answer 6

stroma rich

Question 7

Neuroblastoma characterized by

Answer 7

MYCN gene amplification

lack of amplification still not a good prognosis

Question 8

major prognostic factors for NB

Answer 8

• age - <18 months do better
• clinical stage
• mitosis karyorrhexis indec
• aneuploidy do better
• MYCN gene amplification unfavorable

Question 9

nephroblastoma -

Answer 9

triphasic
epithelial
stromal balstemal

Question 10

nephrogenic rest

Answer 10

perssistent foci of renal deveopmental tissue

Question 11

nephroblastoma defined by

Answer 11

anaplastic nuclear changes

Question 12

anaplastic nuclear changes

Answer 12

cellular and nuclear enlargment
hyperchromasia
multipolar and abnormal mitoses

Question 13

focal anaplasia is NOT a

Answer 13

poor prognostic marker

Question 14

External evidence of trauma

Answer 14

Blunt impact trauma
asphyxia
gunshot wounds
Sharp pointed objects

Question 15

Blunt impact trauma

Answer 15

1- contusion
2- abrasion
3- laceration
4- fracture

Question 16

asphyxia

Answer 16

• petechial hemorrhages

- pressure to neck impeding venous return

Question 17

hanging

Answer 17

NO petechiae if complete suspension

PETECHIAE if incomplete