Racism

Question 1

A) Define intersectionality
B) What does it include

Answer 1

A) A framework for understanding how social identities and statuses- and structural inequalities associated with them- combine to shape lived experiences
B) Includes race, ethnicity, nationality, socioeconomic class, gender, sexuality, religion, age, ability

Question 2

What is race?

Answer 2

A classification system based on physiological differences that societies consider socially significant

Question 3

What are two facts about race?

Answer 3

1) Individuals self-identify but race is also socially imposed
2) How people perceive race is subjective and differs based on cultural, geographical, and historical context

Question 4

What did race mean before the 17th century?

Answer 4

Used to be a category of kinship (blood relation), or shared a household or common ancestor

Question 5

A) What is The Enlightenment?
B) How did it contribute to racism?

Answer 5

A) The Colonial area, shift in idea of race in 17th and 18th century. Rise in science, people wanted to classify differences within species, and race shifted to focus on physical characteristics.
B) Used it to justify racism.
Thomas Jefferson claimed that Black slaves require less sleep than European counterparts.

Question 6

A) What does ancestry refer to?
B) How is racial identity classified in Brazil?

Answer 6

A) Infinite lines of descent as well as socio-political, religious and cultural origins
B) Racial identity defined by phenotypical markers (like skin colours) more so than ancestry

Question 7

A) What is individual fluidity in terms of race?
B) What has low level of stability? What has the highest level of stability?
C) How is stability for immigrants?

Answer 7

A) How stable one’s racial/ethnic identity is.
B) Place-based categories (e.g. west asian) had low levels of stability, White has highest level of stability
C) High stability, more stability when living near others in the same group

Question 8

What is ethnicity?

Answer 8

Common culture or ancestry shared by a group of people, involves self-identification

Question 9

A) Define stereotypes?
B) Define prejudice?

Answer 9

A) widely-shared generalizations about a group of people
B) preconceived attitudes about a group of people

Question 10

A) Define discrimination?
B) Define implicit biases?

Answer 10

A) different and unjust treatment towards a group of people
B) subconscious perceptions that affect individuals, attitudes, and actions