Rachel's Notes Questions Flashcards
Penicillins act on gram negative or gram positive organisms?
Both gram positive and gram negative.
Penicillins are safe in pregnancy. True/False?
True.
How does penicillin work?
Inhibits cell wall synthesis with autolysins.
Autolysins degrade the cell wall and affect the osmotic pressure.
Are cephalosporins safe in pregnancy?
Yes
Give 2 examples of glycopeptides
Vancomycin and teicoplanin.
How are glycopeptides given?
Intravenously, are not absorbed when given orally but can be given orally where they act on the gut lumen (this is ONLY for C Diff)
Glycopeptides are used to treat gram__ organism?
Gram positive
How are macrolides excreted?
Via the liver & biliary tree.
What feature of macrolides allow them to pass through the cell membrane so easily?
They are lipophilic.
Are macrolides safe in pregnancy?
No, with the exception of Erythromycin
Give an example of an aminoglycoside and its route of administration.
Gentamicin (IV)
Aminogycosides are used against gram___ organisms?
Gram negative
What do broad spectrum antibiotics do?
Work on gram negative and gram positive organisms.
What makes something produce endotoxin?
The presence of lipopolysaccharide.
What does C diff produce when there is no competition due to the eradication of the gut’s natural flora?
Produce exotoxin leading to severe diarrhoea.