Principles

Question 1

Describe bacteriostatic antibiotics.

Answer 1

Bind to ribosomes and hence inhibit protein synthesis.

Question 2

Describe bactericidal antibiotics.

Answer 2

Inhibit cell wall synthesis.

Question 3

Give the 3 main groups of bacteriostatic antibiotics.

Answer 3

Macrolides
Aminoglycosides eg gentamicin
Tetracyclines

Question 4

Give the 3 main groups of bactericidal antibiotics.

Answer 4

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Glycopeptides eg vancomycin

Question 5

Give 3 examples of antibiotics which work on DNA.

Answer 5

Metranidazole
Co-trimoxazole
Fluoroquinolones

Question 6

Give 2 examples of strict aerobes.

Answer 6

Legionella
Pseudomonas
(both are gram negative bacilli)

Question 7

Give 2 examples of strict anaerobes.

Answer 7

Clostridium

Bacteroides

Question 8

Beta lactamase destroys which antibiotic?

Answer 8

Amoxicillin.

Question 9

Examples of coliforms which are gut commensals.

Answer 9

E.coli
Klebsiella
Proteus

Question 10

Examples of coliforms which are gut pathogens.

Answer 10

E.coli 0157
Salmonella
Shigella

Question 11

What is the treatment of choice for anaerobic infections?

Answer 11

Metranidazole.

Question 12

What is the name of the toxin produced by E.coli 0157?

Answer 12

Verotoxin (VTEC).

Question 13

What is the treatment of choice for a Staph Aureus Infection?

Answer 13

Flucloxacillin.

Question 14

What is the treatment of choice for coliform infections?

Answer 14

Gentamicin.

Question 15

Glycopeptides are only active against Gram ___ cell walls?

Answer 15

Gram positive.

Question 16

What are the 4 antibiotics which commonly cause C diff?

Answer 16

Ciprofloxacin
Co-amoxiclav
Clindamycin
Cephalosporins

Question 17

Co-amoxiclav treats everything but what?

Answer 17

MRSA

Pseudomonas

Question 18

What test would you use to distinguish between Staph Aureus from other Staph species?

Answer 18

Coagulase test

Staph aureus = +ve

Question 19

Campylobacter is a gram _____ coccus/bacillus?

Answer 19

Negative

Bacillus

Question 20

Flucloxacillin is a ___ spectrum antibiotic and is effective against what?

Answer 20

Narrow spectrum

Staph and Strep

Question 21

Gentamicin is safe/unsafe in pregnancy and is bacteriostatic/bactericidal?

Answer 21

Unsafe

Both bacteriostatic and bactericidal

Question 22

Metranidazole is bactericidal/bacteriostatic, safe/unsafe in pregnancy and treats what?

Answer 22

Bactericidal
Safe in pregnancy
C diff and bacteroides

Question 23

Trimethaprim and sulphamethoxazole are bactericidal/bacteriostatic and form what?

Answer 23

Bacteriostatic

Co-trimoxazole