Race And Ethnciity In Canadian Cities Flashcards
Enclaves as the target of violence
Taking out aggression as a scapegoat
Two sides of the same coin- both there is a division between us and them
Swastica clubs - exclude Jews
Examples of enclaves as the target of violence
Christie pits riot
Vandalized mosque, cold lake
Enclaves as the target of renewal
State plays a role, people benefit at the expense of others
Government tries to rid the city of bad neighbourhoods
Put money into it and demolish the old (Toronto demolished china town to build city hall)
Africville
Gateway cities
Cities that serve as access points to a country
70% of immigrants arriving have settling in Canada’s three largest cities
Toronto Vancouver Montreal
Ethnic enclave
High ethnic concentration
Assimilation model
New immigrant groups lack connections, education and resources to compete in the job market
= settle in undesirable segregated neighbourhoods
With time they climb up the socioeconomic ladder and move out
Socioeconomic mobility associated with assimilation to the mainstream
Associated wit Chicago school
Related to spatial assimilation perspective
Assimilation model continued
Failure to assimilate = inability of individual immigrants to assimilate
Discrimination among the mainstream population
Assimilation model fits best among white ethnic groups
Ethnic enclaves persist even when socioeconomic mobility or cultural assimilation occurs
Ethnic cultural model
Provide a common source of cultural identity and social support
Can serve as a response to discrimination that minorities face in mainstream society
Socioeconomic mobility allows minorities to move into wealthier neighbourhoods, may persist as a centre of ethnic consumerism, community networking and cultural events
Associated with the notion of urban villages from the community studies perspective
Enclave economy model
Model views enclaves as economic systems rather than residential zones
Several advantages to entrepreneurs and labourers that make them preferable to entering the mainstream economy
Not all ethnic groups are capable of establishing independent economies
What do ethnic groups require to establish an independent economy?
Large concentrated population that can provide consumer demand and supply of labour
Entrepreneurs who have business experience
Capital to invest in new businesses
Expand and serve outside groups
Participation can occur independently of assimilation
What percentage of aboriginal people live in urban areas
53.2%
