Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Animal Phys Exam 2 material > Quizzes Over Exam 2 Material > Flashcards

Quizzes Over Exam 2 Material Flashcards

1
Q

Which neurons carry info from the peripheral nervous system towards the central nervous system

A

sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

name two major characteristics of the central nervous system

A

centralization and cephalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

this part of the brain communicates closely with the endocrine system

A

hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

this part of the brain is the area where the majority of integration and processing occurs in the brain (ie. taking in all the incoming messages, organizing them and generating a response)

A

cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the 2 types of neural circuits involving the spinal cord are the ________ which carry info to/from the brain and the _____ which carry info to/from the periphery.

A

Ascending/descending circuits

local circuits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what part of the neuron is responsible for making (peptide/protein) neurotransmitters?

A

cell body (soma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what part of the neuron is responsible for releasing neurotransmitters?

A

axon terminal (pre-synaptic terminal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which glial cell forms the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system?

A

Schwann cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the resting membrane potential of a neuron

A

-65 mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

at resting membrane potential, the neuron is more permeable to which ion?

A

K+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which of the following represents a membrane potential that is depolarized compared to resting membrane potential?

  • 40mV
  • 65mV
  • 80mV
A

-40mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when membrane depolarization reaches a certain threshold, which membrane channels are the first to open?

A

voltage-gated sodium channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

During the falling phase of the action potential what do the channels do?

A

Voltage-gated sodium channels inactive, voltage-gated potassium channels open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

why do action potentials only travel in one direction down the axon (ie. from the cell body towards the axon terminal)?

A

the voltage-gated sodium channels in the upstream portion of the axon (where the action potential has just occurred) may still be inactive, making that segment of membrane non-responsive to membrane depolarization

the voltage-gated potassium channels in the upstream portion of the axon (where the action potential has just occurred) may still be open, causing a hyper-polarized membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

name one factor that can lead to an increase in the speed that the action potential travels down the axon.

A

increased axon diameter, increased temp, increased myelination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which of the following types of NT receptors cause a direct effect on membrane permeability for ions

A

ionotropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

which ion must flow into the axon terminal in order for NT release to occur?

A

Ca2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

which type of receptor is used for ionotropic synapses?

A

ligand-gated ion channel

19
Q

which type of summation refers to the net effect of the same pre-synaptic neuron being stimulated multiple times in rapid succession?

A

temporal

20
Q

which type of NT receptor is used in a neuromuscular synapse?

A

Na+/K+ -ATPase receptor

21
Q

Which of the following correctly describes a metabotropic NT receptor?

A

G-coupled protein receptor.

22
Q

with regards to spinal nerves, the sensory neurons enter the spinal cord through the _____ horn and motor neurons leave the spinal cord through the ____ horn

A

dorsal, ventral

23
Q

regarding the somatic nervous system … True or false? There is a single neuron that travels from the spinal cord to the target tissue

A

true

24
Q

regarding the somatic nervous system … True or false? the NT used at the target tissue is acetylcholine

A

true

25
Q

regarding the somatic nervous system … True or false? target tissues of the somatic nervous system include internal organs and smooth muscle

A

false

26
Q

regarding the somatic nervous system … True or false? neurons in the somatic nervous system always have an excitatory effect on the target tissue

A

true

27
Q

when this branch of the autonomic nervous system is activated, effects include an increase in heart rate and a decrease in digestive function

A

sympathetic

28
Q

the motor portion of the sympathetic nervous system has 2 neurons: the axon of the pre-ganglionic neuron is relatively ____ and the axon of the post-ganglionic neuron is relatively _____ .

A

short

long

29
Q

what neurotransmitter is released form the post-ganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

acetylcholine

30
Q

the process of converting sensory info into an electrical signal is known as

A

transduction

31
Q

which sense does not use an ionotropic form of transduction

A

vision

32
Q

in order for a species to be able to experience a lot of different tastes, what other sense must also be involved?

A

smell

33
Q

what is the name of the receptor cell associated with hearing?

A

hair

34
Q

accurate depth perception relies heavily on which type of vision?

A

binocular

35
Q

which of the following terms refers to the name of the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber?

A

sarcolemma

36
Q

which of the following terms refers to the name of the connective tissue layer that surrounds each muscle fiber?

A

endomysium

37
Q

which of the following proteins is not part of the thin filament in skeletal muscle: actin, myosin, tropomyosin, troponin.

A

myosin

38
Q

what is the name of the repeating contractile unit that makes up the myofibril?

A

sarcomere

39
Q

in the skeletal muscle, calcium binds to which of the following proteins?

A

troponin

40
Q

during skeletal muscle contraction, ATP binds to which protein?

A

myosin

41
Q

which type of muscle does calcium cause muscle contraction by increasing the phosphorylation of myosin?

A

smooth muscle

42
Q

what is the name of the NT involved in signaling skeletal muscle contraction?

A

acetylcholine

43
Q

from what muscle fiber organelle is calcium released during muscle contraction?

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Animal Phys Exam 2 material (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions