Quizzes Flashcards
All of the following were necessary for the extensive development of railroads except
large markets, lots of factories, and government regulation
all of the following are considered to be necessary preconditions for European industrialization except
well-organized government bureaucracy and tax system
Continental and US industrialist could catch up with British relatively quickly after 1815 because of all of the following circumstances except
independently motivated engineers and manufactures
The German journalist Friedrich List wrote that British free trade ..” make the rest of the world like the Hindus, it’s serfs in all industrial and commercial relations.” what was the basis of calling Hindus serfs
the British east India company forced Indians to grow cotton for them and then to buy back cloth manufactured in Britqin
industry developed in nations outside Britain because
the German states through direct trade with Britain, gained unprecedented access to the most modern equipment
how did the Agricultural Revolution lead to the Industrial Revolution
with the greater productivity of farms, many unemployed workers moved to cities to take jobs in factories and the cities in turn had the food necessary to support the additional population
one of the major economic causes for British industrial success was
a sound banking system that provided necessary credit
what was the most efficient system of transportation in Britain in the nineteenth century
steam powered railroad
the effect of nineteenth century technological developments in Britain included all of the following Except
England began its first textile industry
one of the main reasons the industrial revolution grew at a slower pace on the continent than in the Great Britain was that
European countries roads and river transportation were not as good as Britains
What attributes of laissez faire economy were key to the development of the industrial revolution
private ownership, free enterprise, profit motive, competition, and market economy
the fundamental cause for the leaders of American Rebels to push for independence from Great Britain was
imperial, mercantilist economic policies
Why did Louis XVI agree to call for elections of the Estates General in 1788, when it had t been called in 164 years
he wanted the estates general to take blame for taxing the 1st and 2nd estates for ten first time in a millennium
what was so remarkable about the women’s March to Versailles that is captured in the image
the women were well armed
the National Assembly of the French Revolution passed all of the following laws except the
establishment of a republic
the orthodox Russia church, the Roman Catholic Church, and the various Protestant had which of the following institutional policies in common in the eighteenth century
significant state control of ecclesiastical appointments
most small family members opposed the enclosure movement of the agricultural revolution, while the aristocrats general supported it because
it would remove common lands from village use
all of the following contributed to the Dutch being the originators of many of the agricultural innovations in the eighteenth century except they
possessed an intensely agricultural economy
Guilds remained important organizations in urban areas of Europe in the eighteenth century because they
provided economic and social stability for craftsmen and their families
the concept of the creation of an eighteenth century industrious society is one that tries to explain which of the following phenomenon
the beginning of the textile manufacturing process in Western Europe
the combination of the treaty of Utrecht and the treaty of Paris were significant in European foreign relations for all the following reasons except
the Portuguese had to give their ports in Southeast Asia to the Dutch
the appearance of creole and mestizo ethnic groups in Latin America was a result of
Iberian immigrants being predominantly male
As Great Britain developed economically after 1750, it required all of the following except
a greater percentage of people employed in agriculture
According to Adam Smith, government should limit itself to all of the following except
regulating trade
the chief reason for the importation of African slaves into the new world was
spanish decline to eliminate the Portugese as competitors for empire
Which of the following was the most important assumption underlying the economic philosophy of mercantilism
the wealth of nations was limited and needed to be carefully preserved by holding on to and adding to ones gold and silver supply
all of the following were causes to the agricultural revolution in Great Britain except
navigation acts
the biggest disadvantage to the workers into eh cottage industry was
earning very low wages because there were so many people to choose from
the navigation acts were a form of mercantilism because they
insisted that all good shipped to Great Britain or to their colonies were shipped by British ships
which of the following was a result of the development of rural manufacturing in the eighteenth century
the formation of a working class
which of the following is the most characteristic of voltaires ideas
empiricism and religios tolerance are to be celebrated
the Hapsburg emperor Charles Via issued his pragmatic sanction in order to
Provide legal right for his daughter to become Empress of Austria
what was the most significant contribution of Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Galileo in the scientific revolution
making direct observation
which of the following statements is most accurate for those rulers in the eighteenth century who are labeled enlightened absolutist
they toyed with the ideas of reform but refused to put limits on their royal prerogatives
what was the significance of Newtons law of universal gravity for the scientific revolution and the enlightenment thinkers
it provided a single, understandable answer to a complex set of problems
Rousseaus concept of the ideal government was centered on the
the general will
Locked Treatises on Civil Government allowed subjects to revolt provided that
government had violated property rights
which of the following is true regarding the salons of the eighteenth century
they discussed social questions as well as literacy works
Voltaire support
religious toleration
Montesquieu was the originator of which of the following theories
separation of powers
what is the connection between Rene Descartes as the philosopher who wrote “I think therefore I am,” and the inventor of analytical geometry
Descartes started with the simplest point to argue to the most complex
the Catholic Church did not object to Copernicus idea of heliocentric universe until sixteenth century vecause
it did don’t become an issue until the counter reformation cracked down on dissent
what was the significance of newtons law of universal gravity for the scientific revolution and the enlightenment thinkers
provided single, elegant answer to complex set of problems
if censorship was so prevalent in France, now did the enlightenment philosophies get their work known and distributed
their works were published abroad, smuggled in, and sold on the black markets
why didn’t any of the enlightened absolutists rulers of the eighteenth century free their serfs or slaves as part of their commitment to social reforms
they feared rebellions or political unrest by either the freedmen or the aristocrats if they did so
the erudite ides of the scientific revolution and enlightenment got into the middle and lower classes in all of the following ways except
increased numbers of public schools
which of the following is the most important reason why Florence became the cultural center of the Renaissance
the wealth and patronage of the Medici family
which of the following were striking exceptions to the steady development of centralized nation states in the late fifteenth century
the Holy Roman Empire and Italy
all of the following are true of the ideas of Ulrich Zwingli except
he believe that only adults should be baptized
…. was the dominant Protestant religion of the first half of the sixteenth century and .,, was the dominant Protestant religion of the second half of that century
Lutheranism, Calvinsim
which of the following items of trade greatly increased in importance in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries
gold, slaves, spices
which of the following is true of the influxes of spices and precious metals into the European economy
They contributed to the price revolution of the sixteenth century
all of the following are true of mercantilism except
it asserted that leaders should not spend government money on roads and canals that could be privately funded
which of the following did not motivate overseas expansion in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries
the opening of overland routes to Asia through Ottoman lands
France differed from England in its political development in the seventeenth century by doing which of the following
it moved toward absolute monarchy
all of the following are true of the revolution of the edict of Nantes by Louis XIV except
it led to the emigration of a quarter of a million Jewish subjects
which of the following factors best explains the victory of the parliamentary forces in the English Civil war
Cromwell leadership of the army and his alliance with Scotland
which of the following was true of the geocentric model
Ptolemy created it
Vesalius
created accurate human anatomy handbook
Which of the following was true in true in eighteenth century
most women were still excluded from educational and scientific endeavors
all of the following are true of Francis Bacon except
he was one of the leading rationalists
the philosophes of the enlightenment era disagreed about the specific details of their ideals, but they had in common all of the following except
they believed they could understand society, but that reforming it would be impossible
all of the following are true of deism except
it was accepted by Protestant churches as an alternative to Catholicism
which of the following was the most important reason for the decline of the Dutch Republic in the eighteenth century
foreign interference and competition
most philosophes believe that all of the following were qualities necessary in a political leader for natural rights to be established and preserved except.
absolute power
which of the following was the basis of eighteenth century concept of the balance of power
a desire to counterbalance the power of one state by another to prevent any state from dominating the rest
all of the following are true about the nobility of the eighteenth century except
because one became a noblemen by birth, it was impossible for those
without a title to join
all of the following were causes of the French Revolution except
intervention by foreign powers
which of the following best illustrates the participation in the first phase of the revolution by a broad base of subjects
the women’s March to Versailles and this imprisonment of the royal family
which of the following forms of government did most members of the National Assembly hope to create
a constitutional monarchy
which of the following was the most important. reason for napoleons decisions to attack Russia in 1812
he wanted to punish Russia for defecting from the continental system
all of the following allowed the industrial revolution to begin in England except
the many restrictions placed on British entrepreneurs by the government, keeping them from financial ruin
which of the following was not among the reasons why the continent lagged behind Britain in industrialization
continental nations had better roads and canals than did Great Britain
in response to efforts by British works to form labor unions, parliaments passed
combination act
all of the following were known for conservatism except
Robert Owen
“the sole end for which mankind are warranted….. is self protection”
mill
Thomas Malthius promoted
the population grows geometrically while food supplies grow arithmetic ally so people will starve to death
protection of civil liberties, equality before law… are all forms of what Governemnt
liberal
which of the following was a lasting result of the revolution
conservative government returned to power in almost every nation that experienced a revolution
“in every government there are three sorts of power..when the legislative and executive are united in the same person or in the same person.. there can be no liberty”
Hobbes
Which of the following was the basic cause of the French Revolution
the past abuses of the Old Regime
What was an important result of the civil constitution of the clergy
the church was made a department of the French states
which of the following is not associate with his contribution to the agricultural revolution
Jethro Toll reaper
Which of the following is not associated with the ideas of Karl Marx
natural selection
which of the following thinkers did not fully accept the heliocentric model
Brahe
“but I immediately became aware…. I think therefore I am” which of the following ideas
rationalism
why Catholic Church did not immediately reject Copernicus was
believed his theory would not attract much following and thought it was best not to call attention to it
Which of the following pairs of thinkers had the greatest impact on science prior to the scientific revolution
Ptolemy and Aristotle
all of the following statements about Bacon and Descartes are true except
both rejected math as proof of knowledge
which of the following is true of women during the scientific revolution
society expected women to be good daughters, wives, and mothers
all of the following are true of the relationship between religion and science during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries except
almost all scientist rejected religious beliefs
all of the following are true of Benedict Spinoza except
Spinoza believed that science proved the natural equality of men and women
Vesalius challenged the ideas of Galen bh
publishing an illustrated thesis that outlined the structure of the body and organs, corrected him
greatest influence on medieval medicine
Galen
Which of the following institutions contributed most to the advancement of science in the seventeenth century
scientific societies
pietism and Methodism stressed
personal experience with God
which of the following books supported the basic tenets of the physiocrats
Adam smith
all of the following helped lead to the enlightenment except
Rousseou theory do general wil
All of the following statements about Mary Wollstonecfaft are true except
a strong advocate for women’s education
Enlightening philisophes encourage religious change when they
advocated belief in God as a watchmaker
neoclassical art
royalty
like Montesquieu, Voltaire admired political system of
England
David Hume believes
man could be studied
what was the major cause of the war of the Austrian succession
death of Charles vi of Austria and the ascension of Maria Theresa to the throne
backbone of Prussian military state
the Hohenzollern rulers worked closely with the Junkers to build a strong military
which of the following was an outcome of the war of the Austrian succession and the seven years war
Prussia became a major European power as a result of the two wars
first step in transition form agrarian and mercantilistic economies to industrialization
the manufacture of products through cottage industries
Joseph ll of Austria instituted all except
providing constitutional monarchy
how did the primogeniture change over time..
gradually other children besides the eldest son were allowed to inherit family lands
Frederick thd great brought all of the following Enlightenment policies to Prussia except
ending serfdom in all of Prussia
two events that showed the rapidly escalating crisis of 1789 were
the storming of the Bastille and the Great Fear
in reforming France economically, Napoleon
collected taxes fairly efficiently
“Descend o liberty…” reflects
de-christianization of France
Directory’s biggest problem
attacked by both monarchists and republicans
Napoleons grand empire under his control and allies included all except
England
reign of terror involved all except
death of Louis
the final act that led Louis XVi to threaten to dissolve the estates general was
the third estates creation of the National Assembly and its pledge to draw up a new constitution for France
napoleons relationship with the Catholic Church included all of the following except
making the Catholic Church the official state religion
