Quizzes

Question 1

Polymorphism is a synonym for…

Answer 1

Mutation

Question 2

Possible consequences of polymorphism discussed in Dr. Ellinwood’s:

Answer 2

1. gain of function
2. loss of function
3. attenuation of function
4. No consequence

Question 3

Assuming simple Mendelian patterns of inheritance, most alleles associated with a genetic disease state observed in veterinary patients are dominant alleles.

Answer 3

False, is recessive alleles

Question 4

You observe a histology section where the nuclei mainly contain euchromatin. What does this indicate about the cells in this sample?

Answer 4

There is a high level of gene expression

Question 5

DNA replication requires the coordinated action of which of the following proteins?

Answer 5

Helicase, topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase.

Question 6

A DNA molecule is composed of 2 complementary strands. What accurately describes the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication during which one DNA molecule is copied into 2?

Answer 6

Each resulting DNA molecule is composed of 50% original DNA and 50% newly synthesized DNA.

Question 7

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are composed of a large and small subunit.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Primary lens luxation occurs when the eye lens is not properly held in place by the zonular fibers. Why do loss-of-function mutations in the gene ADAMTS17 result in this condition?

Answer 8

ADAMTS17 is a protease required to maintain the fibers

Question 9

Which of the following mutations will have the least impact on protein function?

Answer 9

A synonymous point mutation in the part of an exon that encodes the active site of a protease necessary for its enzymatic function.

Question 10

What is mitochondria?

Answer 10

Mitochondria has 2 membranes and their own genome

Question 11

Microfilaments are dynamic polymers composed of which protein?

Answer 11

Actin

Question 12

Which cytoskeletal component is non-directional (has no plus or minus ends)?

Answer 12

Intermediate filament

Question 13

Transmembrane transport is directly required for protein tracking into which compartments?

Answer 13

Mitochondria and the ER

Question 14

During vesicular transport, cargo-loaded vesicles are guided to and fuse with their correct target compartment membrane by the action of…

Answer 14

Rab and SNARE proteins

Question 15

Cilia are composed of an array of microtubules. As discussed in class, cilia perform which of the following functions?

Answer 15

1. motile cilia enable sperm to move through the extracellular environment
2. Motile cilia enable the movement of mucus in the upper respiratory tract
3. motile cilia move the egg (oocyte) through the oviduct
4. Non-motile cilia are key signaling sites for olfaction and vision

Question 16

Lysosomal storage disease can be caused by a mutation that prevents the targeting of hydrolytic enzymes to their proper site of function in the lysosome. Based on the discussion about trafficking to lysosomes, What uniquely describes the type of mutation?

Answer 16

The mutation affects the enzyme that adds the Monnose 6-Phosphate signal in the Golgi.

Question 17

What two factors make up an ion’s electrochemical gradient?

Answer 17

The membrane potential and the difference between intracellular and extracellular concentration of the ion.

Question 18

In class we discussed the membrane potential of excitable cells (such as neurons). What statement is true about neuron at rest?

Answer 18

Voltage-gated sodium channels are closed