Quizlet: Karen0511: Fire District 1 - HazMat Awareness Flashcards
The ability to “read” the scene and interpret the available “clues.”
Safety (SIN)
This dispersion pattern can result from contaminated vehicles or responders.
irregular dispersion
Minimum temperature at which a liquid or a solid emits vapors sufficient to form an ignitable mixture with air near the liquid’s surface.
flash point
Shipping and storage vessels that can be either pressurized or non-pressurized. They hold between 5000 and 6000 gallons.
intermodal tanks
AHJ is an acronym for:
Authority Having Jurisdiction
Personnel who are expected to recognize the presence of these materials with use of the ERG manual, protect themselves, call for trained personnel and secure the scene (NFPA 1072).
awareness level
Federal agency that regulates the disposal of hazardous waste.
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
A substance that remains after a process or manufacturing plant has used some of the material and the substance is no longer pure.
hazardous waste
The federal OSHA regulation that governs hazardous material waste site and response training.
HAZWOPER
Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
Persons who respond to hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction incidents for the purpose of implementing or supporting actions to protect nearby persons, the environment, or property from the effects of the release (NFPA 1072).
operations level
An area, patch, or roadway that extends a certain number of feet on either side of the pipe itself and that may contain warning and informational signs about hazardous materials carried in the pipeline.
pipeline right-of-way
Found at the beginning and the end of the ERG (orange) book. Contains identifying colors and info for hazmat incidents.
white pages of ERG
A pressure vessel designed for absolute pressures higher than 40 psi and having a circular cross-section. It does not include a portable tank, multi-unit tank, car tank, cargo tank, or tank car (NFPA 1).
cylinder
This dispersion pattern is affected by gravity and topographical contours.
stream dispersion
A government agency that publicizes and enforces rules and regulations that relate to the transportation of many hazardous materials.
DOT
Department of Transportation
The individual responsible for all incident activities including the development of strategies and tactics and the ordering and the release of resources (NFPA 1072).
IC
Incident Commander
The association that develops and maintains nationally recognized minimum consensus standards on many areas of fire safety and specific standards on hazardous materials.
NFPA
National Fire Protection Association
Federal agency that regulates worker safety and in some cases responder safety. A part of the U.S. Department of Labor.
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Person who responds to hazardous material WMD incidents using a risk-based response process by which he or she analyzes a problem involving hazardous materials/WMDs, and controls a release using specialized protective clothing and control equipment.
technician level responder
A hazardous materials specialist who responds with and provides support to, hazardous materials technicians. This individual’s duties parallel those of the hazardous materials technician; however, the technician’s duties require a more directed or specific knowledge of the various substances he or she may be called upon to contain. the hazardous materials specialist also acts as the incident-site liaison with federal, state, local, and other government authorities in regard to site activities.
specialist level
(OSHA/HAZWOPER only)
Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents (hint - ends in #2 for the 2 letters FD)
NFPA 472
Standard for Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Emergency Response Personnel Professional Qualifications
NFPA 1072
Standard for Competencies for EMS Personnel Responding to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents (hint - ends in #3 for the 3 letters EMS)
NFPA 473
Recommended Practice for Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents/Weapons of Mass Destruction
NFPA 475
Preplan target hazards and other potential problems - can include any occupancy type or facility that presents a high potential for loss of life or serious impact to the community resulting from fire, explosion or chemical release.
pre-planning
Which consensus based standard describes the hazardous material training competencies for operations level responders?
NFPA 472
The members of your fire company are tasked to respond to hazardous materials incidents. Which NFPA chapter would apply in order to complete the appropriate JPR (job performance requirement)?
NFPA 472 Chapter 4
JPR is an acronym for:
Job Performance Requirements
A common source of information about a chemical, including the name of the chemical including synonyms, Physical and chemical characteristics of the material, Physical hazards of the material, Health hazards of the material, signs and symptoms of exposure, routes of entry to the body.
SDS
Safety Data Sheet (formerly MSDS)
Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response using a diamond shaped design, divided into four smaller diamond representing a property or characteristic of a substance or group is substances.
NFPA 704
Top
Red - Flammability
Bottom
White - Special
Left
Blue - Health
Right
Yellow - Reactivity
Used for hazmat scene size-up
SIN
Safety
Isolate
Notify
Your first priority (after ensuring your own safety) is to separate the people from the problem. Life safety is first consideration. Can include removing affected people from the environment (evacuate), sheltering in place, performing decon, or removing ignition sources, open flames, static electricity and/or smoking materials.
Isolate (SIN)
SOP is an acronym for:
Standard Operating Procedure for your district, area, etc.
IAP is an acronym for:
Incident Action Plan
Decide whether you need to notify anyone else. - example - other specialized responders, law enforcement, or other technical experts, including Wildlife and fisheries or air quality control board, etc.
Notify (SIN)
Any vessel or receptacle that holds material, including storage vessels, pipelines, and packaging.
container
Glass, plastic, or steel containers, ranging in volume from 5 to 15 gallons.
carboys
Portable, compressed gas containers used to hold liquids and gases. Uninsulated compressed gas cylinders are used to store substances such as nitrogen, argon, helium, and oxygen. They have a range of sizes and internal pressures.
cylinders
BLEVE is an acronym for:
Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion
Containers designed to preserve the temperature of the cold liquid held inside
dewar containers
Substances that are in liquid form at extremely low temperatures
cryogenic liquids
Found on SDS sheets
SDS pictogram
Hazardous materials marking system is used when materials are being transported from one location to another.
Department of Transportation (DOT) marking system
Hazardous material identification system is designed for fixed facility use.
NFPA 704 marking system
For road and highway transportation are located in the cab of the vehicle. Drivers are required by law to have a set of shipping papers on their person or within easy reach inside the cab at all times.
bill of lading (freight bill)
For railroad transportation contains a list of contents in every car on the train. Also called the “consist” or “train list”. Conductor, engineer or designated member of the train crew will have a copy.
waybill
Shipping papers on a marine vessel is generally kept in a tube-like container, in the wheelhouse, in the custody of the captain or master.
manifest
Shipping paper for air transport. It is kept in the cockpit and is the pilot’s responsibility.
airbill
Used to transport hazardous materials in high volume. Can contain natural gas, gasoline, diesel fuel and other products. Can be above ground or underground.
pipeline
Pipeline warning signs include:
warning symbol
owner’s name
emergency phone number
Can be found in the white pages of the ERG at the beginning of the book.
hazardous materials warning labels
The yellow section of the ERG includes:
Chemicals listed in numerical order by their 4 digit UN identification number.
The green section of the ERG includes:
Chemicals organized numerically by UN/ID number, and initial isolation distances for certain materials.
The blue section of the ERH includes:
Chemicals listed in alphabetical order
The orange section of the ERG includes:
Chemicals organized by guide numbers found.
These pages have general hazard class, fire/explosion hazards, health hazards, and basic emergency actions.
The nine chemical families were developed by _____, and can be found in the _____ pages of the ERG.
DOT
Transport Canada
Secretariat of Communications of Mexico
white
Harmful substance routes of entry into the human body include:
inhalation
absorption
ingestion
injection (puncture)
The process by which substances travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.
absorption
Exposure to hazardous material by swallowing the substance.
ingestion
Exposure to a hazardous material by breathing the substance into the lungs.
inhalation
Exposure to a hazardous material by the substance entering cuts or other breaches in the skin.
injection
Capable of causing an illness by entry of a pathogenic micro-organism.
infectious
Materials that cause the victim to suffocate.
asphyxiation
A visual indication whether in pictorial or word format that provides for the identification of a control switch, indicator, or gauge or the display of information useful to the operator (NFPA 1901).
label
Signage required to be placed on all four sides of highway transport vehicles, railroad tank cars, and other forms of hazardous materials transportation; the sign identifies the hazardous contents of the vehicle, using a standardization system with 10¾-inch diamond-shaped indicators.
placards
This dispersion pattern that occurs when the material has collectively risen above water.
cloud dispersion
Inverted J-shaped tubes that allow for pressure relief or natural venting of the pipeline for maintenance and repairs
vent pipes
This dispersion pattern has a wide base downrange of the breach.
cone dispersion
This dispersion pattern generally results from a rapid release.
hemispheric release
This dispersion pattern is affected by vapor density, terrain, and wind speed/direction.
plume dispersion
This dispersion pattern is created by a three-dimensional slow flowing liquid.
pool dispersion
Three main types of stress that can cause a container to fail.
thermal
chemical
mechanical
What are the three states of matter?
solid
liquid
gas
The ability of a substance to undergo a transformation at the molecular level, usually with a release of some form of energy.
chemical change
Change in the state or properties of matter that does not involve a change in its chemical composition
physical change
A “right now” exposure that produces observable signs such as eye irritation, coughing, dizziness, and skin burns.
acute exposure
A material with a pH value less than 7
acid
A material with a pH value greater than 7
base
The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the surrounding atmospheric pressure.
boiling point
Measurable characteristics of a chemical, such as its vapor density, flammability, corrosivity, and water reactivity.
chemical and physical properties
Long term exposures, occurring over the course of months or years.
chronic exposure
The ability of a chemical to undergo an alteration in its chemical make-up, usually accompanied by a release of some form of energy.
chemical reactivity
A material that in the form in which it is used, and under the conditions anticipated, will ignite and burn. A material that does not meet the definition of noncombustible or limited combustible.
combustibles
The process of transferring a hazardous material or the hazardous component of a weapon of mass destruction (WMD) from its source to people, animals, the environment or equipment, which can act as a carrier.
contamination
A description of a material to cause damage (on contact) to skin, eyes, or other parts of the body.
corrosivity
A description of the volume increase that occurs when a liquid changes to a gas
expansion ratio
The lowest temperature at which a liquid will ignite and achieve sustained burning when exposed to a test flame
fire point
The minimum temperature at which a fuel spontaneously ignites.
ignition temperature
Substances (such as mace) that can be dispersed to briefly incapacitate a person or groups of people. Irritants cause pain and a burning sensation to exposed skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
irritant
The minimum concentration of combustible vapor or combustible gas in a mixture of the vapor or gas and gaseous oxidant above which propagation of flame will occur on contact with an ignition source (NFPA 115)
LEL
Lower Explosive Limit
The maximum amount of gaseous fuel that can be present in the air if the air/fuel mixture is to be flammable or explosive
EUL
Upper Explosive Limit
Ability of a liquid or solid to mix with or dissolve in water.
water solubility
The weight of an airborne concentration (vapor or gas) as compared to an equal volume of dry air.
vapor density
Hazardous chemical compounds that are released when a material decomposes under heat.
toxic products of combustion
The weight of a liquid as compared to water.
specific gravity
The process of reacting monomers together in a chain reaction for form polymers
polymerization
Any packaging, including transport vehicles, having a liquid capacity of more than 119 gallons, a solids capacity of more than 882 pounds, or a compressed gas water capacity of more than 1001 pounds.
bulk packaging
Trailers designed to carry dry bulk goods such as powders, pellets, fertilizers, or grain. Generally V-shaped with rounded sides.
dry bulk cargo trailer
Who to call to obtain information about a specific hazmat incident when on scene.
CHEMTREC
(24-hour chemical hotline)
CBRNE is an acronym for:
Chemical
Biological
Radiological
Nuclear
Explosives (high-yield)
