Quizfrågor Flashcards
Which robot application type is the most common one?
Handling
Which part of a robot system is the most costly?
System, such as program and installation
Which robot supplier has most installations worldwide?
Fanuc
What is particular for a arc welding robot application?
Many times the robot has a manipulator to orient the product
What is particular about the painting robot?
It has a longer arm to reach but is not so rigid
What does IFR mean by “Democratizing” robotics?
Low-cost robotics opens up new customer segments
What does IFR mean with by the trending human-robot collaboration?
A
Ease of use is a driver for the use of cobots
What technology is involved in a robot simulation system?
Mathematically detect clearances and collisions (+more)
What is enabled through a PLM system-based robot simulation system?
Several persons can work on the same data set in realtime
Who are the two major robot simulation providers in the world?
Siemens and Dassault Systémes
What does Object-oriented programming use?
Object-oriented programming uses features from the product to program the robot
A TagGroup contains what information?
Coordinate location objects
In Teach-in programming use what?
The robot is used physically to do the programming
Professor Bolmsjö states two classifications of programming. Which is the correct statement?
Where relates to on-line and off-line programming. How is related to abstraction level.
Which three main phases are involved in the design of a robot system according to Professor Bolmsjö?
Pre-study > Procurement > Implementation
Is the Technology on the market Ready to automate final assembly?
Yes - robots can work adaptively and can recognize unseen scenarios
How much wire harness is there in a typical Volvo car?
2800
Why are wire and harness assembly not robotized yet?
It is too difficult to handle non-rigid objects and rigid objects. Makes it impossible, due to infinit number of situations.
What is then required for wire and harness assembly?
Robot need more dexterity and flexibility and Need to solve visual perception for robots
Which robotic applications did Hao mention as AI applications?
Humanoid robots, Service robots
What is the purpose of a fixture?
A fixture is a device for locating, holding and supporting workpieces during manufacturing operations
What is the flag unit in a fixture?
It goes between the Structure of the fixture and the Pickup
How can jigs be eliminated?
In CNC machines the tool path is digitally programmed and stored in memory, thus can be utilized instead of jigs
How can fixtures be eliminated?
By robots to hold the part instead of putting the parts in a fixture
What is the 3-2-1 method in fixture design?
A workpiece is confined when banked against three points in one plane, two points in another plane, and one point in a third plane
How many elements of the degrees-of-freedom does the 3-2-1 principle give?
9
Why did SAAB invest in the Flexapod concept when building the nEURON UCAV aircraft?
They got a flexible fixture for less cost than the conventional solution
In the nEURON project, how many percent in time did they save on the build-up of the fixture?
58%
What is true on is included in a robot simulation system?
You have ability to do calibration
What is true on classification of simulation
Deterministic simulation will always give the same result
What is true on abstraction levels of programming
Object-oriented programming uses features from the product to program the robot
In Teach-in programming this is true
The robot is used physically to do the programming
What is the purpose of the Virtual Robot Controller in RRS? (Realistic Robot Simulation)
Integrating robot controller software almost completely into simulators
This is true on Realistic Robot Simulation
RRS gives accurate cycle times
In the course literature from Professor Bolmsjö (chap 10), he talks about the importance of understanding that even if robots are flexible you should consider this:
In reality there is nothing like “one-robot-fits-everything”
Virtual Commissioning is…
The process of using simulation technology to validate PLC logic before making changes to the actual plant
The reason for using Virtual Commissioning is…
to unlike the traditional approach enable concurrent engineering in the commissioning of your plant
Why did Airbus decide to use Virtual Commissioning for the building of all their new factories?
It is a way to make sure their Tier-1 suppliers test all their logic programming on the equipment to be deployed in the Airbus factories.
What is the long-term goal of using Machine Learning in industrial robotics?
To increase flexibility in the tasks that robots are executing WITHOUT having to re-program the robot
What is the third main point for machine learning in industrial robotics?
To teach the robot how to work in a new environment is not longer necessary
How accurate has the RCS made the simulation model compared to the real one?
99,8%
Approximately how many of the cobots are industrial cobots?
30%
Which robot application is the biggest one 2021?
Handling
What is the evolution of robotics according to Siemens?
Autonomous Planning/Commissioning and advanced AI
Manufacturing Engineering is the link between what?
Research & Development and The Plant
When did Volvo start with robot 3D simulation systems?
1984
How is the robot software structured at Volvo Cars (see literature 2.1)?
Libraries are used for the robot tools
The PLC calls schedules which calls segments and handler modules
Device modules controls the equipment and are called by handler modules referred to by VOLP
What is interlock?
A control signal used for avoiding collisions in shared robot areas
What is World-class Engineering at Volvo Cars?
To enable good collaboration to R&D
What are the new requirement on technology at Volvo Cars from new demands on future products (recall the visit at Torslanda)?
Mega casting and mixed material joining is needed
Which robot suppliers can they handle with VOLP right now?
FANUC and ABB
What is Virtual Commissioning according to Mr. Carlsson?
Do more than robot simulation offline, e g PLC verification
What is the PLC solution used for Virtual Commissioning?
PLC SIM advanced
Volvo Cars wants to move from: Data used by specialists to:
Data used by everyone
Why is body window important?
To make sure it fits the factory?
What is the main scope on Fraunhofer Chalmers?
Support industry in product and production development
What does IPS stand for?
Industrial Path Solutions
What is the base purpose of Path Planning according to Robert Bohlin?
Move between two locations without collision
What is the representation of a robot in configuration space?
Point
What is a Sweep Volume?
It is the volume in which the object stays during its path
No algorithm can guarantee an optimal solution, therefore the user needs to help the optimization algorithm. What parameters can be set before planning a path for a rigid object?
Restricting volume to stay inside
Mr. Bohlin showed Studs in the robot optimization demo. What are Studs?
Is welded into the sheet metal to assemble things on them
How does IPS use RRS?
They use their own controller
It is possible to use ABB virtual controller
What is the main purpose of paint simulation?
To simulate the paint thickness
How do they get paint to get stuck on the car?
The paint particles are charged and the car parts are grounded
What is the purpose of Industry 4.0 according to IFM
Making our factories smarter
What is ifm?
One of the worlds largest manufacturers of industrial sensors
What is IIOT?
Industrial Internet Of Things
Why do we need smarter factories?
More efficient machine results in higher production and less downtime
What does IO-link give us?
PLC data
Realtime data for predictive maintenance, trend analysis, etc
What is IO-link?
A standard communication protocol for sensors used in automation.
What is voltage level of the IO-link signal?
24
What is the difference between the traditional information from a simple sensor like the inductive one compared with the information retrieved with IO-link?
Process values, parameters, etc is possible to transfer digitally between the sensor and the master unit. The traditional sensor information is voltage based and usually has to be converted to a digital format
What is a revolute joint?
It is the rotational movement between two links
What is the homogenous transformation matrix?
It describes both rotation and translation
What is the name of the first industrial robot?
Unimate
Why was the electric robot important for the evolution of robots?
The resolution in robot movement was increased
What is repetitive accuracy in a robot?
It finds its way back to a known location
What does the wrist enable in a robot?
6 degrees of freedom
How can you use configuration in robot programming?
Configuration enables you to have avoid collisions
What is a trends in robotics?
Labor cost increases, robot prices decreases
Why did Joe Engelberger “The father of robotics” have problems to sell Unimate at the start?
Customers did not understand and industry was afraid it would take jobs from employees
Which three are joint types in a robot?
Ball-joint
Revolute joint
Universal joint
What is the purpose of a fixture?
A fixture is a device for locating, holding and supporting workpieces during manufacturing operations
What does calibration of a robot do?
Robot calibration is the process of identifying certain parameters in the kinematic structure
What is giving bad accuracy?
Internal loading and structural resonance affecting the robot path
Why is an industrial robot risky to use in a grinding process?
Due to bad stiffness in the servos the robot will not maintain its calculated position
What is skidding effect in a robot?
It slides on the surface
